SARFT has already facilitated the establishment of a joint venture broadcast control platform operated by two large IPTV content control platforms: CNTV and Baishitong. This platform will be directly supervised by SARFT, providing the State with a nationwide control mechanism for IP television services. A similar pattern seems to be in the works for mobile telephone TV, Internet TV and other new media platforms. For 3G mobile telephony, there are a number of television content providers, including Hunan Satellite, Hangzhou Huashu, etc., while the there are 7 enterprises that have gained licenses to operate Internet television services. These are CCTV (through its network television branch CNTV), Shanghai Wenguang, Southern Media, Hunan TV, China International Broadcasting Network and China National Radio. SARFT, however, prefers to deal with a smaller amount of players, which is easier to control. There are reports that SARFT is planning to bring together existing supervision centres and content providers, such as its own Network Audiovisual Supervision Centre and provincial-level supervision centres. These would be combined with a technological basis already developed by SARFT’s own Broadcasting Research Institute, in order to establish a new technological supervision and management platform for new media that would be directly subordinate to SARFT.

Generally speaking, this would strengthen supervision over content distributed in the three-network integration trial cities (of which the second batch was just introduced, more on that in a later post), displaying an overriding concern for security during this trial, although it is not inconceivable that this is also a move by SARFT to strengthen its position in respect of other administrative departments involved.

Furthermore, SARFT is supporting the establishment of a new company, the China Radio and Television Network Company, which should be finished by the end of the year. This entails that SARFT has taken the lead in setting up an interconnection platform for cable television networks across the country, linking up the previously separated provincial cable networks. According to a source within the SARFT Science and Technology Department, this interconnection will support the development of nationwide added-value information services, and is a prerequisite for establishing a national-level network enterprise.

Overall, it seems that SARFT is trying to recentralize control over broadcast control, by integrating provincial broadcast networks and centralizing control over supervision platforms at the central level, rather than the provincial level. This seems to fit within the broader picture of SARFT activism that has emerged over the past few months. It can also be seen as a reaction against the erosion of radio and television market share by Internet-based information and entertainment services, especially in the three-network integration trial cities. IPTV in particular has been a formidable competitor for SARFT’s own digital television. The problem is that this erosion has been caused to a large extent by SARFT’s strictness and intransigence. It can also be considered partly as a symptom of China’s strictly regimented media regime, in which cross-over and convergent modes of communication, such as Internet television, are the battleground for administrative turf wars.

One big question is where this leaves the large, on-line video services such as Youku and Tudou. As they aren’t really “television organs”, will they be subject to this new supervision platform, or will this be mainly be employed as a tool to ensure that SARFT gets the lion’s share of commercial benefits generated by providing integrated and converged services?

On the Chinese side, the mood is one of optimism: in a number of pieces, the People’s Daily seems to be convinced that, although the Chinese film industry will probably suffer from increased competition in the short run, the relationship between the US and Chinese movie industries no longer is one of “wolves and sheep”, but that a small number of films can already compete with Hollywood products, and that the influx of more high-end American blockbusters will be a further stimulus to Chinese filmmakers to increase the quality and market success of their products. Feng Xiaogang, at least, is not afraid.  On the other hand, there are also fears that China’s already film ticket prices will further go up.

On the American side, there’s a lot of optimism. Vice-President Joe Biden said it would “make it easier than ever before for US studios and independent film-makers to reach the fast-growing Chinese audience”. The deal would also save “thousands of American jobs in and around the film industry,” and give Chinese audiences “access to more of the finest films made anywhere in the world.” MPAA Chairman Chris Dodd calls it a “major step forward in spurring the growth of US exports to China,” while Disney CEO Bob Iger is referring to a “new era”. However, let’s look beyond the niceties of the official spokespersons, as there are a lot of things as yet unclear about this agreement.

First, on the legal side, I’ll reserve my judgment until the original text is published, which will hopefully answer some of the following questions:

-       What is the status of these new commitments in terms of its relationship with WTO law? Can we consider this as a bona fide WTO commitment subject to potential DSB review, or is this a bilateral issue for which there is no immediate dispute resolution method? And if it is, would this not be a breach of Most-Favoured Nation requirements?

-       Given that the earlier film quota of twenty dealt with all foreign films, and if this agreement is solely a bilateral agreement with the US, what’s the basis for verification of the added 14 films? In other words, how is the added number of films calculated?

-       How will the agreement ensure that the State monopoly on distribution will be opened up, as stated by the White House?

-       How will the agreement remedy the inconsistencies found in WTO case DS363?

Second, foreign film screening will remain limited by other means. The two Chinese State-owned film distributors will probably remain in charge of foreign film distribution. Hence, at present, there’s no reason to believe that foreign films will be treated better than before, when Avatar was famously pulled to make way for the main-melody biopic Confucius. Chinese cinemas are still required to devote two-thirds of screening time to domestic films, so there may be more foreign films, but they’ll still have to share the same portion of the market, measured by time.

Third: although Xi Jinping seems to have been personally involved in the negotiation, it’s not clear to what extent the administrative offices and distribution companies were involved, and how they will translate these commitments into policy. In any case, the SARFT Film Department told People’s Daily that it hadn’t yet heard anything about the agreement. In other words, before these commitments will be realized, SARFT will want to have something to say about the matter as well, not to mention China Film Group and Huaxia.

I agree with Stan Abrams in thinking that this is perhaps the best deal that US filmmakers could have expected, and that this will essentially be the end of the DS363 proceedings. But let’s not kid anyone by thinking this is a triumph for free trade. As in most other economic fields, exactly how much foreign activity takes place in the film sector will be decided by the leadership in Beijing. Within a short few years, Hollywood will probably be knocking on Beijing’s doors again for further opening and more access. It will take another couple of years before the US government reacts on it, maybe files another WTO case, and we’ll be starting all over again. In the mean time, we can probably expect the basic policy line to remain the same: foreign films will be imported and distributed, but will only be available in such a way as the leadership decrees. Co-production will be stimulated, and I expect this will become a more popular mode of doing business in and with China. It will, however still be subject to strict government supervision, and is especially stimulated in areas where transfer of foreign filmmaking know-how to Chinese enterprises is possible. Outside of content, the Chinese government will be looking to bring in investment, know-how and technology that it deems necessary for the further develop its own creative industries.

As an illustration, let’s look at the deal struck two days earlier that enables Dreamworks to establish a joint venture (with a 45% minority partnership) with two Chinese partners in Shanghai. Given the particular attention that has been paid to developing the Chinese cartoon industries, this seems like a good deal. The fact that Dreamworks made Kung Fu Panda, which has become somewhat of a symbol about the inability of Chinese producers to use Chinese themes and gain international success, must surely have nudged things along a bit.  However, we have seen similar deals before, in particular with Warner brothers, who invested in a co-production venture and a cinema chain. Neither of these projects have been very successful, and Warner has since withdrawn from the cinema venture. I’m not sure whether the Dreamworks deal will work better.

The perennial problem of the Chinese media sector seems to remain not so much the strict control system placed on film and media production, but the fact that the regulatory structure has been set up in such a way as to maximize space for administrative discretion and intervention, creating an unpredictable economic environment. Regulations and obligations can shift significantly in a very short space of time, and the possibility for media enterprises to influence this policy is relatively limited. Making a film, especially one involving significant technical effects or animation, takes a long time from start to finish, and it’s difficult to see how investors would be willing to part with their money if there’s no guarantee that their project will be permitted on the market two or three years from now. Hence, the Chinese media sector, for the moment, seems to be stuck with films that can be recently rapidly produced and screened. This deal does nothing to structurally provide for more predictability and security for producers or investors.

The more interesting points of the outline are:

-       The spirit of the harmonious society pervades the document throughout. In line with rebalancing the inequality between rural and urban areas, public service-type culture is increased in rural regions, border regions and poorer regions. The document also echoes the emphasis on the core Socialist value system put forward in the Decision. It calls for sincerity and honesty in government, business and society, reflecting concerns about a moral vacuum in Chinese society and the increasingly strong reactions against corruption and abuse of privilege.

-       The document emphasises the important role of history and Chinese characteristics. It calls for more efforts in archaeology and historical studies, in order to “unearth the origins of Chinese civilization”. It also mentions the May Fourth movement as the beginning point of the Chinese people’s “revolutionary spirit”.

-       The language used maintains the same militaristic tone that was already present in the Central Committee decision, and includes a number of traditional Socialist images and phrases. The stated role of the Party in cultural policy seems to be expanding. There is a new emphasis on the cultural sector promoting the view that their work is a “sacred duty, and that “labour is the most glorious and workers are the greatest.” The document also calls for more activities extolling the old model soldier Lei Feng, and for joint activities between civilians, the police and the military.

-       There seems to be an increasing international bent to media policy. While the “marching out” projects have been steadily increasing over the last few years, this document now mentions that China will engage with its neighbouring countries for its cultural policy, particularly in border regions. It is too early to say whether this fits in a regionalization strategy, but it seems to be a new issue in this sort of context. Furthermore, the document states that China will use international organizations to push its cultural agenda at the global level. This might reflect China’s growing assertiveness, especially given the fact that the US seem to have given up on pursuing implementation in WTO case DS363 (China – Audiovisual). At the same time, the spirit of Hu Jintao’s recent article seems to be reflected in the juxtaposition between opening up to the outside world and maintaining national cultural security.

-       The use of the world normalization, not yet seen in cultural policy documents, may be an effort to bring longer-term mechanisms to academia, the copyright trade and urban-rural relationship.

Also, the document mentions the renaming of the Cultural Reform Leading Small Group at the central level, in charge of cultural policy. From now on, it will be named the Cultural Structural Reform and Development Leading Small Group, reflecting the new stress on growth and technological advance. It may also signal a more comprehensive approach towards culture, as Leading Small Groups are able to cut across departmental lines and bring together officials from the Party, the State and leading media outlets.

The “12th Five-Year Plan” period is a key period for completely constructing a relatively well-off society, and is also a key stage in stimulating that culture develops both well and quickly. In order to deepen the implementation of the spirit of the 6th Plenum of the 17th Party Congress, deepen cultural structural reform stimulate the grand development and grand flourishing of Socialist culture, further arouse a new high tide of Socialist culture construction, strive to construct a strong Socialist culture country, according to the “Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party Decision Concerning Deepening Cultural Structural Reform” and the “Outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China”, this Outline is drafted.

Preface

Culture is the lifeblood of the nation, and is the spiritual home of the people. In the present world, the position and function of culture have become even more prominent, and it is increasingly becoming an important source for national cohesion and creativity, increasingly becoming an important factor in comprehensive national strength and competition, increasingly becoming an important pillar for economic and social development, and enriching spiritual culture life is increasingly becoming a fervent desire of the people of our country. Deepening cultural structural reform and promoting the grand flourishing and development of Socialist culture in this new historical starting point, relates to realizing the struggle objective of completely constructing a relatively well-off society, relates to persisting and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and relates to realizing the grand rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

The “11th Five-Year Plan” was an innovation development period for our country’s cultural construction. All localities and all departments earnestly implemented Central policies and deployments, liberated thoughts, sought truth from facts, advanced with the times, reformed and innovated, promoting cultural development incessantly obtained new achievements, walking the development path of Socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. The theoretical system of Socialism with Chinese characteristics has been widely disseminated, the ideological basis for the united struggle by the entire Party, the entire country and the people of all ethnicities has been incessantly consolidated. The construction of the socialist core value system has been solidified and moved forward, the ideological and moral level of the whole society have been further raised. Cultural structural reform has obtained substantive progress, benefiting the shaping of the first stages of systems and mechanisms for cultural scientific development. Public cultural service system frameworks have been basically established, service capacity and levels have been clearly raised. Cultural industries have developed flourishingly, overall scope and strength has risen quickly. Cultural product creation and production is fully dynamic, excellent products are emerging incessantly, the market flourishes more every day. Cultural heritage protection strength expands incessantly, excellent traditional ethnic culture is carried forward further. The pace of culture marching out has accelerated, the international competitiveness and influence of Chinese culture has been clearly strengthened.

During the present and following period, our country’s development will still remain important strategic opportunity periods in which we will be able to develop our abilities to the fullest. Broad and deep reform is currently taking place in the cultural area, and there are many advantageous conditions for promoting the gig of culture, but it also faces a range of new circumstances and new problems. Our country’s economy continues to develop speedily, comprehensive national power is strengthened every day, establishing a solid material basis for cultural construction; the abundant achievements of the theory and practice of Socialism with Chinese characteristics has provided cultural construction with precious spiritual and cultural resources; the enthusiasm of the whole society in giving high regard to and participating in cultural construction rises every day, creating a desirable social atmosphere for cultural construction; the popular masses’ spiritual culture requirements grow swiftly, expanding the huge space for cultural development; our country’s international position and influences has clearly risen, providing an important juncture for Chinese culture to march out. Cultural reform and development is facing a rare historical opportunity. At the same time, the quality and level of our country’s cultural development is not yet high, the deployment and structuring of cultural construction is incompletely rational, the structural and mechanistic obstacles hindering cultural scientific development have not been completely eradicated yet. Facing the new situation of the popular masses’ spiritual culture needs quickly growing, our country’s cultural products, regardless of quantity or quality, cannot yet satisfy the popular masses’ many-faceted, multi-level and diversified spiritual culture needs well, the task of further liberating and developing cultural productive forces, and raising supply capacity cultural products and services has become even more pressing. Facing the new situation of accelerating transformation of the economic development method, and the deep readjustment of social structures, the task of promoting the rising of the entire nations’ civilization level, and giving rein to culture in lending trends, educating the people, serving society and promoting development has become even more pressing. Facing the new situation of the accelerated development of modern information technology and dissemination methods, the task of accelerating the construction of cultural innovation systems and moving cultural innovation forward has become even more pressing. Facing the new situation of the exchange, blending and confrontation of all sorts of ideology and culture at the global level becoming even more clear, and the fight having becoming more acute and complex, the task of strengthening our country’s comprehensive cultural strength and international influence, resisting the force of international hostile forces’ cultural infiltration and safeguarding national cultural security has become even more pressing. We must accurately grasp our country’s new economic and social development requirements, accurately grasp the new cultural development trends of the present era, accurately grasp the new expectations for spiritual culture life of the people of all ethnicities, firmly grasp the important strategic opportunity period for development, conform to the development requirements of the times, follow cultural development rules, accelerate cultural reform and innovation, do all we can to initiate a new dimension in Socialist cultural construction in the course of completely constructing a relatively well-off society and on the path of scientific development.

II, Strengthening the construction of a core Socialist value system

(1) Deeply moving study, research and propagation of the core Socialist value system with Chinese characteristics forward. Unremittingly using the theoretical system of Socialism with Chinese characteristics to arm the entire Party, educate the people, promote study and practice of the scientific development view to be deeply and broadly expanded. Establishing ad perfecting theoretical study systems for Party members and cadres, richly expanding theoretical study channels to face the masses, solidly moving study-type Party organizations and study-type society forward. Closely integrating reform, openness and the reality of Socialist modernization construction, persisting in taking major real problems as the direction of the main attack, deeply researching the systemic, strategic and forward-looking problems relating to Party and State undertaking development, promoting a batch of theoretical research achievements having depth and having values, further promoting Marxism’s Sinicization, modernization and popularization. Revolving around deep ideological and theoretical problems and the problems of hot spots and difficult points in society, rolling out even more and even better popular theory works, deeply launching theoretical innovation achievement publicity activities for the grass-roots Party. Deeply implementing the theoretical research and construction project of Marxism, implementing the dissemination plans for the theoretical system of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, grasping well the transformation and application of research achievements, promoting the theoretical system of Socialism with Chinese characteristics to enter textbooks, enter classrooms and enter minds, strengthening scientific theory education’s function in guiding the masses.

(2) Making philosophy and social sciences flourish. Consolidating and developing Marxist theoretical learning, persisting in the integration of basic research and applied research, the integration of traditional learning and burgeoning learning, and interdisciplinary learning, forcefully moving forward innovation of learning systems, academic points of view and scientific research methods, constructing pss having Chinese characteristics, Chinese styles and Chinese spirits, implementing pss innovation projects, moving pss innovation system construction forward, fully giving rein to the important function of pss  in understanding the world, inheriting civilization, innovating theory, advising and educating the people and serving society. Strengthening course and textbook construction, completely completing higher education pss focus textbook editing plans, promoting the intersection and blending of social sciences and natural sciences, incessantly raising the overall level of theoretical research. Giving rein to the demonstration and guiding function of State pss funds, rolling out a batch of research achievements having values and having a broad influence on society. In a planned way organizing the foreign translation of a batch of excellent pss achievements. Integrating pss research forces, constructing a batch of social sciences research bases and State focus laboratories, constructing a batch of think tanks having superior expertise, strengthening pss informatization construction.

(3) Strengthening ideological and moral construction. Solidly moving the construction of a Socialist core value system forward, deeply launching ideals and beliefs education marching the path of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, forcefully carrying forward a national spirit with patriotism at the core and a spirit of the times with reform and innovation at the core, deeply launching propaganda and education on the Socialist view of honour and dishonour, vigorously exploring effective channels to use the Socialist core value system to guide social trends, shaping a social atmosphere fighting for justice against evil, that punishes evil and heralds the good. Formulating a Socialist core value system construction and implementation outline. Moving forward the citizen moral construction project, expanding all sorts of moral practice activities, strengthening social ethics, professional ethics, household virtue, individual moral character education, building morals and behavioural norms conform to the requirements of the Socialist spirit and suited to the Socialist market economy. Deeply launching Lei Feng activities, adopting steps to promote the normalization of study activities. Doing well ideological and political work going deep into details, carrying forward and practicing ideological concepts of labour being the most glorious and workers being the greatest across the whole of society, striving to build harmonious labour relations within every trade and every business. Deepening government style and sector style construction, launching special education and administration concerning prominent issues in the moral sphere. Extensively launching propaganda and education concerning situations, policies and the united progress of the nation. Strengthening care for the humanities, stressing a clear way for mentality, fostering a social mentality of self-respect and self confidence, rationality and gentleness, positivity and upwardness. Advocating moral cultivation and self-discipline, respecting the old and cherishing the young, diligent work and conducting oneself in a simple and unadorned manner, promoting the shaping of a social atmosphere of me for everyone and everyone for me. Strengthening the ideological and moral construction of minors and the ideological and political education of university students, cleansing social culture environments, stimulating the physical and mental health of minors, creating a space for minors to grow up healthily. Strengthening the construction of cultural activity venues for minors, creating even more cultural works that minors love to see and hear, that benefit knowledge and benefit morals, broadly launching all sorts of cultural sports activities facing minors. Forcefully carrying forward the Chinese nation’s excellent traditional culture, deeply excavating the ideological meaning of traditional Chinese festivals and major anniversaries, conducting ideological and moral education. Strengthening patriotic education base construction, vigorously developing red tourism. Deepening civilized city, civilized town and civilized work unit construction, integrating the present city selection programmes. Broadly launching spiritual civilization activities jointly built by soldiers and civilians, and police officers and civilians, moving forward activities “talking civilization, set a new style”. Putting sincerity and honesty construction in a prominent position, strengthening sincerity and honesty education, forcefully moving forward government affairs sincerity and honesty, commercial sincerity and honesty, social sincerity and honesty and judiciary credibility construction, grasping the establishment and completion of credit statement systems covering the whole society. Earnestly implementing the law dissemination plans of the “Sixth Five-Year Plan”, strengthening legal system propaganda and education, carrying forward the spirit of a Socialist rule of law. Deeply launching anti-corruption and pro-honesty education, forcefully strengthening honest and clean government culture construction, shaping a desirable social morality with cleanliness as honour and corruption as shame. Broadly launching volunteer service activities, establishing and perfecting social volunteer service systems. Forcefully developing social charity undertakings. Continuing to deeply research and refine the Socialist core value system.

III, Accelerating the building of public cultural service systems

(1) Building public cultural service systems. According to the requirements of the public good, the grass-roots, equality and convenience, taking public finance as support, taking public interest cultural work units as backbone, taking the entire people as service target, taking guaranteeing the popular masses’ basic cultural rights and interests such as watching television, listening to the radio, reading books and newspapers, conducting public cultural appreciation, participating in public cultural activities, etc., as main content, perfecting public cultural service systems covering town and country, with a reasonable structuring, sound functioning and efficient working. Promoting interdepartmental programmes and cooperation, coordinatedly planning and constructing grass-roots public culture service construction, persisting in equally stressing programme construction and operations management, realizing the integration of resources, joint building and joint enjoyment. Strengthening community public culture facility construction, bringing community cultural centre construction into town and country planning and construction, expanding investment channels. Perfecting public cultural service facilities facing women, minors, the elderly and the handicapped. Moving State public culture service system demonstration area construction forward. Formulating public culture service objective systems and effect assessment methods, clarifying service objectives and service norms, strengthening evaluation and assessment.

(2) Strengthening public cultural product and service provision. Strengthening the construction of public cultural service facilities such as cultural centres, musea, libraries, art galleries, science and technology buildings, memorial halls, workers’ cultural palaces, minors’ palaces, etc., and patriotic education bases, and perfecting free and open services to society. Encouraging other State-owned cultural work units, education organs, etc., to launch public service-type cultural activities, all sorts of public venues must provide convenience to mass-type cultural activities. Accelerating the application pace of modern technolgoy, raising the digitization and networking level of public cultural services. With the support of public libraries, schools’ electronic reading rooms, and community cultural centres, establishing and perfecting public service-type online venues for minors. Encouraging and supporting ethnic minority cultural product creation and production, raising the amount of translated excellent Chinese-language radio and television programmes, publications, etc., into ethnic languages, launching ethnic minority language book, newspaper and periodical donation activities. Broadening the scope of reading material for the blind, regions having conditions may establish electronic reading rooms for the blind with public libraries as support. Bringing the main public cultural product and service programmes and public interest-type cultural activities into regular public finance appropriation budgets. Adopting policy measures such as government procurement, programme subsidy, directed financial aid, lending discount, tax reduction, etc., to encourage all sorts of cultural enterprises to participate in public cultural services. Encouraging State investment, subsidies or cultural products over which it has copyright to be used for public cultural services free of charge.

(3) Accelerating the unified development of town and country culture. Expanding rural cultural services quantities, reducing the difference of cultural development between town and country, with rural, Central and Western regions as focal points, strengthening county-level cultural centres and libraries, integrated township cultural station and village cultural room construction, deeply implementing focus cultural project benefiting the people such as television reaching all villages, cultural information resource sharing, rural film screening and rural household book rooms, etc., expanding coverage, eliminating blind sports, raising standards, perfecting service, improving management. Forcefully moving peasant sports and fitness projects forward. Expanding support and assistance strength for cultural service network construction in old revolutionary regions, ethnic regions, border regions and poor regions. Guiding enterprises and communities to vigorously launch public interest-type cultural activities facing peasants and rural workers, as soon as possible bringing peasants and rural workers into urban public cultural service systems, striving to enrich the spiritual life needs of peasants and rural workers. Establishing joint mechanisms where cities pull at the countryside, reasonably distributing town and country culture resources, encouraging cities to conduct cultural assistance to the countryside, making support to rural cultural construction into a basic objective for constructing civilized cities. Encouraging cultural work units to provide mobile services and network services facing the countryside, promoting media to organize rural versions and rural channels and frequencies, doing well distribution and donation work of the main Party newspapers and Party periodicals in the countryside and the grass-roots. Supporting cultural enterprises to strengthen grass roots and rural cultural network point constructions in the chain method, promoting cinema chains and performance theatre chains to extend into cities and counties, supporting performance troupes to perform deep into the grass roots and the countryside.

(4) Broadly launching mass-type cultural activities. With community culture, enterprise culture, town culture and school culture as carriers, vigorously establishing public interest-type cultural activity platforms, relying on major holiday activities and ethnic or folk culture resources, organizing the development of cultural activities that the masses love to participate in and that are convenient to participate in. Deeply launching people-wide reading and people-wide exercise activities, promoting the normalization of activities such as cultural science, technology and hygiene to “go down all three into the countryside”, science education, culture and sports, law and hygiene to “enter all four into communities”, “bringing joy down to the grass-roots”, etc. Supporting the masses to organize cultural groups according to the law, meticulously fostering cultural carriers and cultural patterns rooted in the masses and serving the masses. Encouraging literature and art workers, art academy students and personalities from all walks of life that are enthusiastic for public cultural undertakings to launch volunteer cultural services.

IV, Accelerating development of the cultural industries

(1) Building modern cultural industry systems. Building modern cultural industry systems with rational structuring, complete categories, high technology content, rich in innovation and strong in competitiveness, promoting leapfrogging development in the cultural industries, making them become a new economic growth point, an important support point for the strategic readjustment of the economic structure, and important rallying point for transforming economic development methods, and provides an important pillar for promoting scientific development. Accelerating the transformation of cultural industry development methods, stimulating the transformation from extensive modes to intensive modes and qualitative and efficient modes, strengthening overall cultural industry strength and competitiveness. Implementing a batch of major programmes, moving forward cultural industry structure readjustment, developing and expanding traditional cultural industries such as the publishing sector, film and television production, printing, advertising, performance, entertainment, exhibitions, etc., accelerating the development of burgeoning cultural industries such as cultural innovation, digital publishing, mobile multimedia, cartoons and games, etc. Fostering backbone enterprises, supporting small and mid-size enterprises, perfecting cultural industry labour division and cooperation systems. Encouraging mergers and reorganizations of strong cultural enterprises across regions, across sectors and across ownership systems, promoting cultural resources and essential production factors to be appropriately concentrated in superior enterprises, fostering strategic investors in the cultural area. Planning and constructing cultural pioneering and innovation parks, each with distinguishing features, supporting small and mid-size enterprise development. Optimizing cultural industry distribution giving rein to the respective superiority of the Eastern, Central and Western regions, strengthening cultural industry base planning and construction, standardizing and constructing a batch of nationwide cultural industry demonstration areas, developing cultural industry groups, raising cultural industry upscaling, intensification, and specialization levels. Expanding support strength into industries having indigenous intellectual property rights, which carry forward excellent national culture, forging famous brands. Excavating city cultural resources, developing characteristic cultural industries, constructing characteristic cultural cities. Giving rein to the demonstration function of the capital as a cultural centre for the entire nation. Promoting cultural industries to develop together with industries such as tourism, sports, information, logistics, construction, etc., raising product value, expanding material products’ and modern service sectors’ added value and cultural content.

(2) Shaping a cultural industry structure with public ownership at the core, jointly developing with many kinds of ownership. Fostering a batch of State-owned or State-controlled large-scale cultural enterprises or enterprise groups having core competitiveness, giving rein to their guiding function in developing industry and letting the markets flourish. Within the State-permitted scope, guiding social capital to invest in cultural industries in many ways, participate in State-owned commercial culture work units transforming into enterprises, participate in major cultural industry programme implementation and cultural industry park construction, giving support in aspects such as investment approval, credit and lending, land use, tax benefits, stock markets and finances, distribution of bonds, foreign trade and applying for special funding, etc., creating a structure and legal system environment with fair participation in market competition, and equal benefit of legal protection. Strengthening and improving service and management concerning non-publicly owned cultural enterprises, guiding them to implement their social responsibilities of their own accord. Establishing and completing cultural industry financial input systems, encouraging and guiding cultural enterprises to face the capital market for funding, stimulating the link-up of financial capital, social capital and cultural resources. Promoting cultural enterprises with mature conditions to go to the stock market for funding, encouraging companies that are already publicly traded to expand and strengthen through mergers, acquisitions and reorganizations.

(3) Moving cultural science and technology innovation forward. Giving rein to the mutually stimulating function of culture, and science and technology, deeply implementing the driving strategy of science and technology, strengthening indigenous innovation capacity. Grasping a batch of systemic and strategic major science and technology questions, researching and developing a batch of core technologies, key technologies and general technologies having indigenous intellectual property rights, accelerating the development of the cultural equipment manufacturing sector, using advanced technology to support cultural equipment, software, systems development and indigenous development, accelerating the transformation of science and technology innovation achievements, raising our country’s technological equipment level in areas such as publishing, printing, communication, film and television, performance, networking, cartoons and games, etc, strengthening the core competitiveness of the cultural industries. Relying on State high and new technology parks, State sustainable development experiment regions, etc. to establish State-level cultural and science and technology integration demonstration bases, bringing major cultural science and technology programmes into corresponding State science and technology development plans and programmes. Completing a cultural science and technology innovation system with enterprises at the core, the market as guidance, integrating industry, learning and research, fostering a batch of cultural science and technology enterprises with clear characteristics and strong innovation capacity, supporting strategic alliance and public service platform constructions for industry, learning and research. Researching and developing the formulation of cultural industry technology standards, accelerating the establishment of cultural product and service quality management systems. Implementing cultural digitization construction projects, transforming and raising traditional cultural industries, fostering and developing burgeoning cultural industries. Supporting electronic and information industry to research and develop all sorts of electronic equipment, software and terminal products used in content production and transmission, supporting cultural industry development.

(4) Expanding cultural consumption. Increasing cultural consumption quantities, raising cultural consumption levels. Innovating business models, expanding mass culture consumption markets, opening up characteristic cultural consumption, expanding cultural service consumption, providing individualized and customized cultural products and services, fostering new cultural consumption growth points. Raising grass-roots cultural consumption levels, guiding cultural enterprises to invest in building even more cultural consumption venues adapted to the masses’ requirements, encouraging publication of books and periodicals suited to mass purchasing capacity, encouraging arranging of a certain number of low-priced showings or tickets in commercial performances and cinema screenings, encouraging network culture operators to open p even more low-priced businesses, localities with conditions must provide suitable subsidies for cultural consumption by masses in difficulty, peasants and rural workers. Vigorously developing cultural tourism, stimulating the integration of protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage with tourism, raising the cultural content of tourism, giving rein to the stimulating function of tourism in cultural consumption, supporting the construction of focus tourism regions such as Hainan, etc.

V, Accelerating cultural structure and mechanism reform and innovation

(1) Fostering cultural market subjects. With establishing modern enterprise systems as focus point, accelerating moving forward business-type cultural work unit reform, fostering market subjects meeting conditions. Completing ordinary State-owned culture and art buildings and troupes, non-current affairs newspapers and periodicals, and news websites’ transformation into enterprises, expanding reform achievements of publishing, distribution and film and television enterprises, accelerating enterprise stock-holding system reforms, perfecting legal system governance structures, shaping property organization forms and business management models conforming to the requirements of modern enterprise systems, reflecting the special characteristics of cultural enterprises. Promoting State-owned cultural enterprises to vigorously participate in market competition, consciously undertaking their social responsibility. Integrating reform, reorganization, transformation and innovative management, integrating deepening reform and readjustment of structures, and integrating resources, integrating the construction of modern enterprise systems and moving forward the separation of politics and enterprises and the transformation of government functions, under the guidance of the government, giving rein to the vigorous function of market mechanisms, fully giving rein to the control strength, influence and driving strength of cultural capital.

(2)Deepening cultural undertaking work unit reform. According to Stat classifications, moving forward the overall requirements of undertaking work unit reform, scientifically defining the nature and function of cultural undertaking work units, making their public interest nature prominent, strengthening service functions, strengthening development vitality, completely moving human affairs, income distribution and social guarantee system reform forward, clarifying service scopes, strengthening effect appraisal and assessment. State-initiated public interest-type cultural undertaking work units such as libraries, musea, cultural centres (stations), mass art centres, art galleries, etc., must innovate public culture service facilities and operation mechanisms, exploring the establishment of undertaking work unit legal person governance structures, attracting representative social personalities, expert personalities and the masses from the grass roots to participate in management. Deeply moving the distribution system reform of Party newspapers and Party periodicals, and radio and television station production and broadcast separation reform forward, further perfecting management and operation mechanisms, incessantly expanding the coverage and influence of mainstream media. Promoting ordinary undertaking work units such as current affairs-type newspaper and periodical offices, public interest publishers, culture and art theatres and troupes representing ethnic characteristics and national levels, etc., to implement enterprise-type management, strengthening their capacity to provide services facing the market and facing the masses.

(3) Completing modern cultural market systems. Accelerating the development of all kinds of cultural product and factor markets, breaking up the market situation of horizontal and vertical fragmentation, regional barriers, and the separation of town and country, building uniform, open, competitive and ordered modern cultural market systems, stimulating cultural products and factors to rationally circulate in a nationwide scope. Focusing on developing product markets for books and periodicals, electronic and audiovisual products, performances and entertainment, television dramas, cartoons and games, etc, further perfecting comprehensive trade platforms such as the China International Cultural Industry Exposition and Trade Fair. Developing modern circulation organization and circulation methods such as chain businesses, logistics and delivery, electronic commerce, etc., accelerating the construction of large-scale cultural circulation enterprises and cultural product logistics bases, building cultural product circulation networks with large cities at the centre, small and medium cities supplementing, linking up town and country. Accelerating fostering of factor markets such as property rights, copyright, technology, information, etc., organizing focus cultural property trade venues, standardizing cultural asset and art product trade. Completing cultural intermediary service organs such as managers ant brokers, valuation and appraisal, investment, insurance, guarantees, auctions, etc., guiding sector organizations to implement even better their function in coordinating, supervision, service and safeguarding rights.

(4) Innovating cultural management mechanisms. Deepening administrative culture management structural reform, accelerating the transformation of government functions, strengthening government’s readjustment, the market’s supervision, society’s management and public service functions, promoting the separation of government and enterprises, and the separation of government and undertakings, rationalizing the relationship between government and cultural enterprise and undertaking work units. Perfecting a State-owned cultural asset management systems integrating managing people, managing matters, managing property and managing orientations, persisting in the priority of social interest, striving to realize the integration of social interest and economic interest, establishing and perfecting State0owned cultural enterprise evaluation, monitoring and examination systems, strengthening State-owned cultural asset supervision and management, guaranteeing the maintenance of added value of State-owned assets. Exploring the establishment of management systems and work mechanisms adapted to the development of three-network integration businesses.

Completing comprehensive cultural market administrative law enforcement organs, promoting vice-provincial-level and lower cities to perfect comprehensive administrative cultural responsibility subjects. persisting in the system of being in charge and sponsoring, implementing the principles of who manages is responsible, and localized management, strictly implementing cultural asset, cultural enterprise and cultural product market access and exit policies, comprehensively using legal, administrative, economic, technological and other means to raise management  effectiveness. Deeply launching “Sweeping Pornography and Striking Illegality”, perfecting cultural market management, persisting in sweeping away degenerate cultural garbage poisoning people’s hearts and minds, realistically creating a market order guaranteeing national cultural security. Strengthening culture and corresponding industries’ statistical work, perfecting classification standards and statistical indicators, standardizing statistical methods, strengthening the scientific degree and comparability of statistical data.

VI, Strengthening cultural product creation and production guidance.

(1) Persisting in the correct creation orientation. Persisting in the creation orientation of having the people at the centre, enthusiastically eulogizing the great practice of reform and opening up, and the modernization and construction of Socialism, vividly displaying the spiritual bearing of the people’s enthusiasm and purpose, and the creation of glorious historical achievements. It is necessary to guide cultural workers to keep firmly in mind their sacred duty of serving the people and serving Socialism, persist in the correct cultural position, earnestly approach and positively pursue the social effect of cultural products, carry forward the true, the good and the beautiful, and denounce the false, the bad and the ugly, merging academic exploration and artistic creation into the undertaking of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Persisting in exalting academic democracy and artistic democracy, creating a positive and healthy, comfortable and harmonious atmosphere, advocating the full discussion between different points of view and schools of thought, advocating the full development of genres, themes, forms and methods, promoting the vigorous innovation of concepts, content, style and schools. Letting an innovative spirit penetrate the complete cultural innovation and production process, carrying forward excellent national cultural traditions and the revolutionary cultural traditions shaped since the May Fourth movement, studying and learning from foreign beneficial cultural innovation achievements, being tolerant and open-minded, widely learning from others’ strong points, strengthening cultural products’ zeitgeist and influence.

(2) Rolling out even more excellent cultural works. Culture and art workers in all areas, literature, theatre, film, television, music, dance, fine arts, photography, calligraphy, quyi, acrobatics, as well as folk literature and art, mass literature and art, etc., must, vigorously throw themselves into cultural creation activities eulogizing the times and the people, and draw source materials and abstract themes from social life, create and produce excellent cultural works full of passion, with lively brushwork, graceful melodies and moving images, that unify ideology, artistry and enjoyability, that the people love to see and hear. Implementing excellent product strategies, organizing well the “One of Five Project”, major revolutionary and history theme creation projects, focus literature and artwork  support projects, and excellent children’s’ works creation projects, encouraging original creation and reality-themed creation, incessantly rolling out excellent literature and art products. Supporting  excellent art varieties representing national levels, having ethnic characteristics and local characteristics, vigorously developing new art forms. Encouraging all literature and art creation that benefits moulding sentiments, delighting body and mind, incorporating teaching into play, persisting in resisting vulgar tendencies.

(3) Establishing and completing cultural innovation mechanisms. Establishing and perfecting structures and mechanisms for cultural workers to deeply penetrate reality, deeply penetrate life and deeply penetrate the masses, fully mustering the positiveness and creativity of cultural workers, striving to create a desirable environment benefiting cultural innovation. Establishing cultural innovation mechanisms with cultural creation work units and individuals at the core, with excellent cultural works’ marketized exploitation as focal point, with perfect industrial chains and complete value chains as support, and with copyright protection as guarantee. Sharply reflecting the new frontiers of social practice, displaying the new changes of subjects and the new requirements of the masses, vigorously utilizing high and new technology methods to promote form innovation, giving birth to new literature and art varieties, strengthening the power of expression, influence and power of dissemination of cultural products.

(4) Perfecting cultural product appraisal systems and incentive mechanisms. Persisting taking abiding by the progressive orientation of advanced Socialist culture and the satisfaction of the popular masses as the highest standard for work appraisal, unifying mass appraisal, expert appraisal and market testing, shaping scientific appraisal standards. Establishing open, fair and just award mechanisms, reducing award types, improving award rules, raising their authoritativeness and credibility. Strengthening literature and art theory construction, fostering high-quality literature and art evaluation teams, launching positive and healthy literature and art criticism, deeply developing activities such as film criticism, theatre criticism, book criticism, music criticism, etc., in many forms, initiating mainstream value orientations, guiding the masses’ aesthetic appreciation, determinedly resisting vulgar tendencies, striving to cleanse the cultural market, earnestly ceasing a desirable environment for cultural development. Strengthening literature and art comment battlefield construction, supporting focus literature and art comment media. Expanding excellent cultural product popularization strength, utilizing resources such as mainstream media and public cultural venues, etc., to provide conditions for displaying, screening, broadcasting or exhibiting excellent works and masterpieces carrying forward mainstream values in aspects such as finance, channels, lay-out, space, etc. Establishing special art funds, supporting collection and recommendation of excellent cultural works, expanding intellectual property rights protection strength, vigorously launching copyright protection and corresponding services, safeguarding the lawful rights and interests of copyright holders.

VII, Strengthening dissemination system construction

(1) Strengthening important news media construction. Persisting in the Marxist news view, firmly grasping the correct orientation. With Party newspapers and Party periodicals, press agencies, radio and television stations at the core, integrating propaganda resources such as metropolitan-type media, network media, etc., adjusting and perfecting the distribution and structure of media, building a public opinion guidance structure with overall planning, clear responsibilities, mutually supporting functions, broad coverage, that is rich in efficiency, incessantly expanding mainstream public opinions, raising public opinion guidance’s timeliness, authoritativeness, credibility and influence. Establishing and completing mechanisms for self-discipline and disciplining others, guiding news media and media workers to adhere to social responsibility and professional morals, truly and accurately disseminating news information, consciously resisting wrong viewpoints, persisting in putting an end to false news. Deeply moving forward activities of “going to the grass roots, changing work styles, improving writing styles”, shaping long-term mechanisms. Moving forward focus media’s expansion of information collection and product marketing networks.

(2) Strengthening burgeoning media construction. Earnestly implementing the policies of positive use, scientific development, management according to the law and guaranteeing security, strengthening the construction of burgeoning media such as the Internet, etc., encouraging the support for State-owned assets to enter into burgeoning media, making strong focus news websites, shaping a batch of comprehensive websites and specialist websites having strong influence at home and abroad, giving rein to the constructive function of commercial websites, fostering a batch of network content production and service backbone enterprises. Forging a batch of network cultural products having Chinese style and reflecting the spirit of the era. Guiding network cultural development, implementing network content construction projects, promoting the dissemination of excellent traditional culture treasures and contemporary excellent cultural works, producing excellent works and masterpieces suited to dissemination on burgeoning media such as the Internet, mobile telephones, etc., encouraging netizens to create network culture works with a healthy style. Broadly launching civilized website establishment, promoting, civilized web operation and civilized web use, supervising and urging network operation and service enterprises to implement legal obligations and social responsibilities. Strengthening guidance and management over social media websites and instant communication tools, etc., standardizing online information dissemination order, fostering a civilized and rational network environment. Punishing activities of disseminating harmful information according to the law, deeply moving forward special campaigns to discipline network obscenity and vulgarity, and vulgar information, strictly attacking network illegality and crime. Expanding online personal information protection strength, establishing network security appraisal mechanisms, safeguarding the public interest and national information security. Strengthening foreign language website and overseas indigenized website construction, strengthening the capacity to display and disseminate Chinese culture to the outside world. Promoting the construction of a next-generation Internet, vigorously developing new technology and businesses corresponding to three-network integration.

(3) Strengthening cultural dissemination channel construction. Vigorously moving forward basic network infrastructure construction such as next-generation radio and television networks, next-generation mobile communication networks, broadband optical fibre networks, etc., moving three-network integration forward, innovating new business models, giving rein to the cultural dissemination function of all sorts of information network infrastructure, realizing linkups and integration, and orderly integration. Under the presupposition of guaranteeing broadcast security, radio and television broadcast organs and telecommunications enterprises may explore many kinds of joint venture and cooperative business models. Integrating nationwide cable television networks, basically realizing network integration and interoperability, interdepartmentally integrating cultural resources, products and services. Accelerating cinema chain construction, forcefully developing interregional-scope chains, characteristic chains and digital chains. Accelerating culture and art performance theatre chain construction, promoting chain business of performance venues in large and middle cities. Accelerating large-scale backbone enterprise publications’ integrated distribution across regions and rural selling network point construction, constructing a publications distribution network with large cities as the basis, middle and small cities as complementary, linking up town and country.

VIII, Strengthening cultural heritage protection, inheritance and use

(1) Raising tangible cultural heritage protection levels. Completing cultural relic investigation, registration, recording and accreditation systems, launching mobile cultural relic investigation, editing State precious cultural relic catalogues. Strengthening the protection and safeguarding, inspection, maintenance and management structure construction for world cultural heritage, large heritage sites and cultural relic protection work units, launching adjustment and protection for cultural heritage such as industrial heritage, pre-Yuan wooden buildings, local buildings, cultural routes, cultural landscapes, etc., strengthening protection for archaeology and cultural relic protection during construction, expanding protection strength for collections of cultural relics and underwater cultural relics, raising science and technology innovation capacity. Strengthening research and research propaganda concerning the origins of the Chinese civilization， vigorously applying high and new technology during excavations and research. Strengthening  protection construction for famous historical and cultural cities, towns and villages, editing protection plans, perfecting basic facilities, improving the housing conditions and housing environment for the masses. Strengthening cultural relic market legal and regulatory system construction, establishing cultural relic authentication entry and qualifications management systems, guiding the standardization of folk collections. Strengthening cultural relic security guarding facilities, raising the security guard capacity for cultural relics.

(2) Strengthening intangible cultural heritage protection and inheritance. Completing intangible cultural heritage dissemination and recording systems, and representative inheritor accreditation systems, editing intangible cultural heritage scatter diagram collections, perfecting intangible cultural heritage cataloguing and protection systems, formulating intangible cultural heritage project classification and protection standards and plans. Implementing emergency protection for endangered programmes and old or weak representative inheritors, implementing production-type protection of intangible cultural heritage programmes having certain market prospects, implementing comprehensive protection for intangible cultural heritage collection areas. Expanding protection strength for intangible cultural heritage in the Western regions and for ethnic minorities. Comprehensively planning State-level cultural ecology protection region construction. Constructing intangible cultural heritage protection and utilization facilities, incessantly raising the scientization level of intangible cultural heritage protection.

(3) Expanding cultural heritage inheritance and use channels. Correctly dealing with the relationships between protection and use, inheritance and development, stimulating cultural heritage resources to be inherited and developed sustainably in integration with industries and markets. Encouraging all localities to vigorously develop tourism and corresponding industries relying on cultural heritage, developing characteristic cultural services, forging characteristic ethnic cultural activity brands. Promoting exploitation and use of cultural heritage information resources and digital resources, raising the display level and dissemination capacity of Chinese civilization. Encouraging the conducting of integrated exploitation and use of industrial heritage, cultural landscapes and archaeological sites and parks. Strengthening cultural heritage protection propaganda, deeply implementing national universal language and writing laws, forcefully popularizing and standardizing the use of national universal language and writing, protecting the language and writing of all ethnicities according to the law, promoting the close integration of cultural heritage education and citizenship education. Deeply excavating the cultural content of ethnic traditional holidays, broadly launching education and dissemination activities for excellent traditional culture, inheriting excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation.

IX, Strengthening foreign cultural exchange and cooperation

(1) Strengthening foreign cultural exchange. Integrating resources such as social sciences, literature and art, news, radio and television, film, publishing, copyright, ethnicity, overseas Chinese affairs, sports, tourism etc., fully utilizing multilateral and bilateral mechanisms, launching branded activities such as national cultural years, Chinese cultural festivals, “Perceiving China”, etc., promoting Chinese Spring Festival culture, forging new cultural exchange brands such as “Welcoming the Spring Festival”, etc. Implementing foreign culture cooperation and aid, supporting and strengthening cultural exchange and cooperation in border regions with the surrounding countries and regions. Accelerating moving forward with the construction of overseas Chinese cultural centres and Confucius Institutes, shaping comprehensive platforms for both exhibition, learning through practice. Formulating marching out plans for our country’s excellent philosophical and social science achievements and outstanding talent. Encouraging all sorts of academic groups and artistic countries representing national levels to give rein to their constructive functions in corresponding international organizations, organizing foreign-related translation of excellent academic achievements and excellent cultural products. Building exchange mechanisms in the humanities, integrating governmental exchange and non-governmental exchange, giving rein to the function of non-public cultural enterprises and non-profit cultural organs in foreign cultural exchange, supporting overseas Chinese  to vigorously launch Sino-foreign humanities exchange. Establishing cultural exchange mechanisms facing foreign youth, establishing awards for contributions to the international dissemination of Chinese culture and awards for internationalized culture. Vigorously absorbing and learning from excellent foreign cultural achievements, persisting in giving first place to ourselves,  and letting things work for us, studying and learning from all beneficial experience benefiting strengthening our country’s Socialist culture construction, all positive achievements benefiting enriching our country’s and people’s cultural life, all business and management concepts and mechanisms benefiting the development of our country’s cultural undertakings and cultural industries.

(2) Promoting cultural product and service export. Implementing the culture marching out project, perfecting governmental policies supporting cultural products and services to march out, further supporting cultural export focus enterprises and focus programmes, perfecting the “Cultural Product and Service Export Guidance Catalogue”, fostering a batch of foreign-directed cultural enterprises and intermediary organs having international competitiveness, shaping a batch of strong cultural transnational enterprises and famous brands. Supporting cultural enterprises to launch cross-border services and international service sourcing, producing and creating cultural products oriented towards foreign demand. Expanding copyright trade, preserving the continuing quick growth of export of books, newspapers, periodicals, audiovisual products, electronic publications, etc., supporting export of films, television dramas, documentaries, cartoons, etc., expanding the scale of printing foreign trade and processing. Supporting excellent domestic films to enter into foreign mainstream cinema chains, domestic games to enter into international mainstream markets, digital publishing to expand into overseas markets, exploiting a batch of performing arts products that can perform outside of the borders or perform on tour for a long time, progressively transforming the situation of a grave trade deficit in cultural product import and export. Vigorously expanding cultural product and service export scope, promoting the expansion into international markets. Deeply excavating ethnic cultural resources, fully utilizing high and new technology means to raise our country’s cultural product display forms and quality, exploiting cultural products and services that are easy to accept for foreign audiences. Strengthening international cultural product and service trade platforms and international commercial network construction, organizing focus international exhibitions. Developing foreign cultural intermediary organs, fostering expert trading companies and agency companies, building complete and effective investment and information systems and cultural trade statistics and analysis systems. Vigorously participating in international cultural trade regulation formulation. Fully utilizing the superiority of the Hong Kong and Macau areas, in promoting cultural product and service export.

(3) Expanding cultural enterprise’s foreign investment and transnational business. Encouraging cultural enterprises having competitive superiority and operational management capacity to invest abroad, initiation cultural enterprises, operating cinemas, publishing houses, theatres, bookstores, newspapers and periodicals, radio stations and television stations, etc. Encouraging cultural enterprises engaging in areas with Chinese characteristics such as film works, publications, music and dance, xiqu and quyi, martial arts, acrobatics and performance exhibitions, to adopt many kinds of methods to open up overseas markets. Absorbing foreign capital to enter into cultural industry areas permitted by laws and regulations. Encouraging cultural work units to conduct programme cooperation with foreign powerful cultural organs, studying advanced production technology and management experiences.

X, Strengthening cultural talent team construction

(1) Training high-level leading personalities and high-quality cultural talent teams. Abiding by cultural development rules and talent growth rules, establishing and perfecting systems and mechanisms benefiting talent teams to healthily grow up and come to the fore, accelerating the building of a team of propaganda, id4ology and cultural workers with complete categories, rational structure, clear phases, and good quality. Continuing to implement the “One Batch of Four” talent fostering project and cultural distinguished artist project, establishing a chief expert system for major cultural programmes, fostering a batch of distinguished masters and ethnic cultural representative personalities loved by the people, that have international influence. Strengthening the construction of specialist cultural work teams and cultural entrepreneur teams, supporting and assisting excellent young and middle-age cultural talents to preside over major tasks, and head focus programmes, grasping the fostering of top-notch innovative talent that is good in blazing trails into new cultural areas, skilled specialist mastering modern communications technology, and comprehensive talents understanding business and skilled in management, and internationalized talent adapted to the needs of culture marching out. Perfecting corresponding policy measures, attracting foreign excellent cultural talent through many channels. Vigorously supporting high-level cultural talent to initiate cultural enterprises, perfecting the implementation of measures to have intellectual property rights act as capital purchase, implementing preferential policies to set up a business. Implementing State honour systems, grasping the establishment of a State-level cultural honorary title, commending cultural workers with distinguished achievements.

(2) Strengthening grass-roots cultural talent team construction. Formulating the implementation of grass-roots level cultural talent team construction planning, perfecting policy measures concerning organization and personnel allotments, study and training, remuneration and guarantees, etc., accepting excellent cultural talents to serve the grass-roots. Perfecting grass-roots excellent talent discovery and training mechanisms, completely matching town, country and neighbourhood Party Committee Propaganda Committee members, propaganda secretaries and full-time town and country comprehensive cultural station personnel , raising the scientization level of team construction. Vigorously moving forward university student “Rural Official” plans, encouraging them to go to the grass-roots to engage in propaganda and culture undertakings. establishing town, country and community public culture service posts, implementing recruitment directed at tertiary school graduates whose service period is finished to enter into the cultural department official examinations and corresponding specialist graduate students. Giving high regard to discovering and fostering able local cultural persons laying the foundations at the grass-roots, ethnic or folk cultural inheritors and especially representative inheritors of intangible cultural heritage programmes, encouraging and supporting all sorts of cultural talents and cultural activity activists to emerge in large numbers from the masses, stimulating them to grow up healthily, giving rein to their positive function. Formulating support plans for grass-roots propaganda and culture talent teams in the Western regions, granting focus support to talent team construction in the Western regions, old revolutionary regions, ethnic regions, border regions and poor regions.

(3) Establishing and perfecting cultural talent training mechanisms. Establishing and completing classifications for propaganda and ideology culture talent training mechanisms and structures, formulating and implementing training plans for all kinds of talent. Innovating talent fostering models, implementing high-end and badly needed cultural talent training plans, setting up cultural talent lifelong learning platforms. Relying on Party schools, administrative study institutes, cadre study institutes, higher education institutes, professional institutes, fixed large-scale enterprises, giving rein to the function of civic organizations, strengthening cultural talent political accomplishment and moral quality education, launching on-the-job training, professional training, position training and skills training. Perfecting systems for talent to suspend their jobs for training, investigating and researching manifestations of local culture, observing and studying the country’s circumstances. Perfecting talent training and exploitation, appraisal and discovery, selection and appointment, mobility and deployment, encouragement and guarantee mechanisms, deepening job title revision and reform, creating beneficial mechanisms and environments for excellent talents to come to the fore and display their abilities. Giving high regard to discovering and training cultural talents from society. Equally treating non-publicly owned cultural work unit personnel in assessment and job titles, participation in training, applying for programmes, honours and rewards, bringing the into corresponding talent training projects. Establishing and perfecting professional qualification systems for the cultural area.

(4) Strengthening professional moral construction and work style construction. Guiding the broad cultural workers to strengthen self-cultivation, being examples of moral conduct, human dignity and integrity, striving to become producers and disseminators of excellent culture. Guiding cultural workers, and especially famous artists and celebrities to consciously practice the Socialist core value system, strengthening a sense of social responsibility, carrying forward a scientific spirit and professional morals, developing a trend of rigour and assiduity, concentration and intensive study, being indifferent towards fame and wealth, of self-respect and self-discipline, striving to pursue both airs of morality and artistry, determinedly resisting harmful tendencies of academic impropriety or vulgar appeals. Vigorously supporting cultural workers and especially distinguished culture artists, and middle-age and young backbones to penetrate into reality, penetrate into life and penetrate into the masses, honouring the people as masters, strengthening an understanding of the national circumstances, strengthening basic learning, enhancing the sentiment of the masses.

XI, Policy measures

(1) Government input and guarantee policies. Expanding governmental input strength, establishing and completing government input and guarantee mechanisms mated to the national strength and suited to the cultural needs of the popular masses. Guaranteeing that the growth rate of public financial input into cultural construction to is higher than  the growth rate of regular financial income, raising the proportion of cultural expenses in financial expenses. Strengthening public cultural service structure construction funding and expense guarantee input. With a focus on the countryside and the grass-roots, border and ethnic regions, and poor regions, giving priority to arrange cultural programmes involving the broad popular masses’ directly affected interests, focusing on the funds required for guaranteeing grass-roots public cultural organs’ regular operation and launching basic public cultural service activities, supporting public cultural organs’ technological transformation and equipment input. Guaranteeing public cultural facilities’ land use according to the law. Establishing rural cultural construction special funds at the central, provincial and city levels, guaranteeing a certain quantity of centrally transferred payment funds are used for town and village cultural construction. Transforming input methods, through methods such as government procurement of services, programme subsidy, using prizes to replace subsidy, etc., encouraging and guiding social forces to provide public cultural goods and services, stimulating cultural industry development. Establishing State cultural development bases, expanding relevant cultural funds and special funding scales, raising the proportion of all levels’ public interest lottery monies to be used in cultural undertakings. Increasing cultural heritage protection funding input. Supporting intergovernmental cultural exchange and Chinese culture to march out. Supporting strategic, pioneering and driving cultural industry programme construction, supporting cultural science and technology research and application, and raising cultural enterprises’ level of technological equipment.

(2) Cultural economic policies. Conducting revision or extension of present economic policies supporting cultural structural reform and supporting cultural undertaking and cultural industry development. Further implementing preferential tax policies encouraging social organizations, organs and individuals to contribute to as well as initiate public service-type cultural undertakings, stimulating enterprises and NGOs to clearly add to cultural input. Expanding policy support strength in financial, fiscal, funding, land use and other aspects, implementing tax preferences for cultural content creation and production and intangible cultural heritage programme business. Continuing to collect cultural undertaking construction fees and State film development special funds. Implementing and perfecting development policies for financial support of cultural industry development, strengthening and improving financial services for cultural enterprises. Giving rein to the guiding function of cultural industry input funds, absorbing financial capital and other social capital into the cultural industries. Perfecting cultural market access policies, absorbing social capital investment into the cultural industries. Strengthening support for original work and training of innovative talent. Bringing cultural research and development into State science and technology innovation systems, formulating categories and scopes of cultural industry support technology, utilizing industrial policy to encourage cultural enterprise to integrate and apply high and new technology, supporting cultural equipment sectors to develop jointly with the cultural industries. Continuing to implement coordinating policies for cultural structural reform, again extending the implementation period of support policies for transforming State-owned cultural work units into enterprises for five years.

(3) Cultural trade stimulation policies. Expanding implementation strength of all existing preferential policies supporting foreign cultural trade, further perfecting related tax policies, supporting cultural enterprises to march out. Supporting cultural enterprises to expand their activities into foreign markets such as investment, bidding, sales, participating in exhibitions and propaganda, etc., providing customs convenience to cultural enterprises marching out. Granting policy convenience in aspects of account setup and financial remittance to cultural enterprises meeting conditions that develop overseas business. Strengthening intellectual property rights protection for cultural enterprises and cultural products in the segments of import and export, safeguarding the lawful rights and interest of rights holders.

(4) Copyright protection policies. Constructing public copyright service platforms and copyright trade platforms covering areas such as literature and art, radio, film and television, press and publications, etc., supporting copyright agency, copyright valuation, copyright mortgage registration and copyright capital investment activities, promoting the normalization of copyright trade. Strengthening the effective linkage of administrative copyright law enforcement and judicial protection, severely attacking all sorts of infringement and piracy activities, strengthening the copyright protection consciousness of the whole society. Developing industries related to copyright.

(5) Legal system guarantees. Establishing and completing cultural legal and regulatory systems, accelerating cultural legislation, formulating and perfecting laws and regulations in areas such as public cultural service guarantees, cultural industry promotion, cultural market management, etc. raising major policy measures for cultural construction into laws and regulations at the right time, strengthening local cultural legislation, raising the legalization level of cultural construction.

XII, Organizing implementation

All levels’ Party Committees and governments must, from the height of the overall picture and strategy, fully understand the important position and function of cultural construction, realistically putting cultural reform and development into an important position in overall work, bringing it into the important matters agenda, bringing it into the overall picture of economic and social development, making it an important content for appraising regional development levels, development quality and leading cadre work performance, promoting cultural construction to develop jointly with economic construction, political construction and social construction. Further strengthening political consciousness, a sense of the larger picture and a sense for responsibility, firmly grasping the initiative in cultural reform and development.

Persisting in and perfecting  a work system and work structures with unified Party Committee leadership, joint grasping and joint management by Party and government, coordination between propaganda entities and organizations, a division of labour and responsibilities of relevant entities, and vigorous participation of social forces, shaping strong pooled forces to move cultural reform forward. Restructuring cultural structural reform leading work small groups into cultural structural reform and development leading work small groups, realistically giving reins to their leading function in overall planning. Party Committee Propaganda Departments must strengthen coordination and leadership, relevant administrative culture management entities must formulate plans to implement this Outline as quickly as possible, and organize implementation after reporting them to the Central Cultural Structural Reform and Development Work Leading Small Group; the National Reform and Development Committee, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Commerce, General Administration of Taxation, etc., must formulate implementation rules implementing corresponding governmental input policies, accelerate the establishment of focus projects and programmes, implement financial input, funding guarantees and all policies, all relevant entities must according to the division of labour and responsibilities, give rein to the superiority of each, providing strong and powerful support for cultural reform and development.  Bringing cultural reform and development into the content of all levels’ Party school, administrative learning institute, cadre learning institute study and training. All provincial, autonomous region and municipal People’s Governments and the Xinjiang Production-Construction Corps must integrate with the reality of their localities, and earnestly implement this Outline. All localities and all entities must strengthen analysis tracking the implementation situation of this Outline, and do mid-term evaluation well. Binding targets determined in this Outline are brought into comprehensive economic and social development appraisal and effect assessment systems.

During the organization of implementation, it is necessary to take the scientific development view as guidance, correctly grasp the important relations of cultural reform and development, stimulate culture to both develop well and quickly. It is necessary to correctly grasp the ideological nature and industrial nature of cultural products, correctly deal with the relationship between social interest and economic interest, put social interest in the first place from beginning to end, strive to realize the organic unification of social interest and economic interest. It is necessary to correctly deal with the relationships of balancing development between the Eastern regions with the Central and Western regions, and between town and country, realistically expanding support strength for public cultural services in Central and Western regions and the broad countryside, stimulating the equalization of basic public cultural services. It is necessary to correctly deal with the relationship between market flourishing and strengthening supervision and management, stressing management according to the law even more, comprehensively utilizing legal, economic, administrative, technological and other means to raise management effectiveness, guaranteeing the healthy and orderly development of culture. It is necessary to correctly deal with the relationship between persisting in opening up to the outside world and safeguarding cultural security, shaping a structure for opening up to the outside world with national culture at the core, vigorously absorbing foreign beneficial culture. It is necessary to correctly deal with the relationship between strengthening management and creating a desirable environment for creation, further innovate management concepts, strengthen a service mentality, letting management live within service, establish and perfect structures and mechanisms beneficial for outstanding talents to grow up healthily and come to the fore, muster the vigour, initiative and creativity of the broad cultural workers to the larges possible extent. Creating a desirable atmosphere encouraging cultural creation in the whole society, providing an broad platform for the broad masses to become Socialist culture constructors, letting the creative force contained within the people be given full rein.

国家“十二五”时期文化改革发展规划纲要

“十二五”时期是全面建设小康社会的关键时期，也是促进文化又好又快发展的关键阶段。为深入贯彻落实党的十七届六中全会精神，深化文化体制改革、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣，进一步兴起社会主义文化建设新高潮，努力建设社会主义文化强国，根据《中共中央关于深化文化体制改革、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣若干重大问题的决定》和《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要》，编制本纲要。

序言

文化是民族的血脉，是人民的精神家园。当今世界，文化地位和作用更加凸显，越来越成为民族凝聚力和创造力的重要源泉、越来越成为综合国力竞争的重要因素、越来越成为经济社会发展的重要支撑，丰富精神文化生活越来越成为我国人民的热切愿望。在新的历史起点上深化文化体制改革、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣，关系实现全面建设小康社会奋斗目标，关系坚持和发展中国特色社会主义，关系实现中华民族伟大复兴。

“十一五”时期是我国文化建设的创新发展期。各地区各部门认真贯彻中央决策部署，解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进、改革创新，推动文化建设不断取得新成就，走出了中国特色社会主义文化发展道路。中国特色社会主义理论体系广泛普及，全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础不断巩固。社会主义核心价值体系建设扎实推进，全社会思想道德水平进一步提升。文化体制改革取得实质性进展，有利于文化科学发展的体制机制初步形成。公共文化服务体系框架基本建立，服务能力和水平显著提高。文化产业蓬勃发展，整体规模和实力快速提升。文化产品创作生产十分活跃，精品不断涌现、市场日益繁荣。文化遗产保护力度不断加大，优秀民族传统文化进一步弘扬。文化走出去步伐加快，中华文化的国际竞争力和影响力明显增强。

当前和今后一段时期，我国发展仍处于可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期。文化领域正在发生广泛而深刻的变革，推动文化大发展大繁荣既具备许多有利条件，也面临一系列新情况新问题。我国经济持续快速发展、综合国力日益增强，为文化建设奠定了坚实的物质基础；中国特色社会主义理论和实践的丰硕成果，为文化建设提供了宝贵的精神文化资源；全社会重视、参与文化建设的热情日益高涨，为文化建设营造了良好的社会氛围；人民群众快速增长的精神文化需求，为文化发展拓展了巨大空间；我国的国际地位和影响力显著提高，为中华文化走出去提供了重要契机。文化改革发展面临难得的历史机遇。同时，我国文化发展的质量和水平还不高，文化建设的布局和结构不尽合理，制约文化科学发展的体制机制障碍尚未完全破除。面对人民群众精神文化需求快速增长的新形势，我国文化产品无论是数量还是质量，都还不能很好满足人民群众多方面、多层次、多样化的精神文化需求，进一步解放和发展文化生产力、提高文化产品和服务供给能力的任务更加紧迫。面对经济发展方式加快转变、社会结构深刻调整的新形势，推动全民族文明素质提高，发挥文化引领风尚、教育人民、服务社会、推动发展的任务更加紧迫。面对现代信息科技和传播手段快速发展的新形势，加快建立文化创新体系、推进文化创新的任务更加紧迫。面对世界范围内各种思想文化交流交融交锋更加明显、斗争尖锐复杂的新形势，增强我国文化整体实力和国际竞争力，抵御国际敌对势力的文化渗透，维护国家文化安全的任务更加紧迫。我们要准确把握我国经济社会发展新要求，准确把握当今时代文化发展新趋势，准确把握各族人民精神文化生活新期待，牢牢抓住发展的重要战略机遇期，顺应时代发展要求，遵循文化发展规律，加快文化改革创新，在全面建设小康社会进程中、在科学发展道路上奋力开创社会主义文化建设新局面。

一、指导思想、重要方针和主要目标

(一)指导思想

高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向，以科学发展为主题，以建设社会主义核心价值体系为根本任务，以满足人民精神文化需求为出发点和落脚点，以改革创新为动力，发展面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的，民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化，培养高度的文化自觉和文化自信，提高全民族文明素质，增强国家文化软实力，弘扬中华文化，坚持中国特色社会主义文化发展道路，努力建设社会主义文化强国。

(二)重要方针

——坚持以马克思主义为指导，推进马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化，用中国特色社会主义理论体系武装头脑、指导实践、推动工作，确保文化改革发展沿着正确道路前进。

——坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向，坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务，坚持百花齐放、百家争鸣，坚持继承和创新相统一，弘扬主旋律、提倡多样化，以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以高尚的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人，在全社会形成积极向上的精神追求和健康文明的生活方式。

——坚持以人为本，贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众，发挥人民在文化建设中的主体作用，坚持文化发展为了人民、文化发展依靠人民、文化发展成果由人民共享，促进人的全面发展，培育有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的社会主义公民。

——坚持把社会效益放在首位，坚持社会效益和经济效益有机统一，遵循文化发展规律，适应社会主义市场经济发展要求，加强文化法制建设，一手抓繁荣、一手抓管理，推动文化事业和文化产业全面协调可持续发展。

——坚持改革开放，着力推进文化体制机制创新，以改革促发展、促繁荣，不断解放和发展文化生产力，提高文化开放水平，推动中华文化走向世界，积极吸收各国优秀文明成果，切实维护国家文化安全。

(三)主要目标

围绕建设社会主义文化强国的宏伟目标，全面落实到2020年文化改革发展的总体部署，到2015年，我国文化改革发展的主要目标是：社会主义核心价值体系建设不断推进，全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的共同思想道德基础进一步巩固；文化体制改革重点任务基本完成，文化体制机制充满活力、富有效率，有力促进文化科学发展；覆盖全社会的公共文化服务体系基本建立，城乡居民能够较为便捷地享受公共文化服务，基本文化权益得到更好保障；现代文化产业体系和文化市场体系基本建立，文化产业增加值占国民经济比重显著提升，文化产业推动经济发展方式转变的作用明显增强，逐步成长为国民经济支柱性产业；文化产品创作生产体系不断完善，高素质文化人才队伍发展壮大，内容创新和传播能力大大增强，精神文化产品和社会文化生活丰富多彩，更好地满足人民群众的精神文化需求；公有制为主体、多种所有制共同发展的文化产业格局逐步形成；技术先进、传输快捷、覆盖广泛的文化传播体系更加完善，以大城市为中心、中小城市相配套、贯通城乡的现代文化产品流通网络逐渐形成；重点媒体国际传播能力不断增强，与我国经济社会发展水平和国际地位相匹配的媒体国际传播能力逐步形成；主要文化产品进出口严重逆差的局面逐步改善，形成以民族文化为主体、吸收外来有益文化、推动中华文化走向世界的文化开放格局；全民族文明素质明显提高，国家文化软实力和国际竞争力显著提升。

二、加强社会主义核心价值体系建设

(一)深入推进中国特色社会主义理论体系的学习研究宣传。坚持不懈用中国特色社会主义理论体系武装全党、教育人民，推动学习实践科学发展观向深度和广度拓展。建立健全党员干部理论学习制度，丰富拓展面向群众的理论学习途径，扎实推进学习型党组织和学习型社会建设。紧密联系改革开放和社会主义现代化建设实际，坚持以重大现实问题为主攻方向，深入研究关系党和国家事业发展的全局性、战略性、前瞻性问题，推出一批有深度、有价值的理论研究成果，进一步推动马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化。围绕深层次思想理论问题和社会热点难点问题，推出更多更好的通俗理论作品，深入开展面向基层的党的理论创新成果宣讲活动。深入实施马克思主义理论研究和建设工程，实施中国特色社会主义理论体系普及计划，抓好研究成果的转化应用，推动中国特色社会主义理论体系进教材、进课堂、进头脑，增强科学理论教育引导群众作用。

(二)繁荣发展哲学社会科学。巩固和发展马克思主义理论学科，坚持基础研究和应用研究并重，传统学科和新兴学科、交叉学科并重，大力推进学科体系、学术观点、科研方法创新，建设具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的哲学社会科学，实施哲学社会科学创新工程，推进哲学社会科学创新体系建设，充分发挥哲学社会科学认识世界、传承文明、创新理论、咨政育人、服务社会的重要功能。加强学科和教材建设，全面完成高校哲学社会科学重点教材编写规划，推动社会科学和自然科学的交叉融合，不断提高理论研究整体水平。发挥国家哲学社会科学基金示范引导作用，推出一批有价值、有广泛社会影响的研究成果。有计划地组织对外翻译一批优秀哲学社会科学成果。整合哲学社会科学研究力量，建设一批社会科学研究基地和国家重点实验室，建设一批具有专业优势的思想库，加强哲学社会科学信息化建设。

(三)加强思想道德建设。扎实推进社会主义核心价值体系建设，深入开展走中国特色社会主义道路和实现中华民族伟大复兴的理想信念教育，大力弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神，深入开展社会主义荣辱观宣传教育，积极探索用社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的有效途径，形成扶正祛邪、惩恶扬善的社会风气。制定社会主义核心价值体系建设实施纲要。推进公民道德建设工程，拓展各类道德实践活动，加强社会公德、职业道德、家庭美德、个人品德教育，构建传承中华传统美德、符合社会主义精神文明要求、适应社会主义市场经济的道德和行为规范。深入开展学雷锋活动，采取措施推动学习活动常态化。做好深入细致的思想政治工作，在全社会弘扬和践行劳动最光荣、劳动者最伟大的思想观念，在各行各业着力构建和谐劳动关系。深化政风、行风建设，开展道德领域突出问题专项教育和治理。广泛开展形势政策和民族团结进步宣传教育。加强人文关怀，注重心理疏导，培育自尊自信、理性平和、积极向上的社会心态。提倡修身律己、尊老爱幼、勤勉做事、平实做人，推动形成我为人人、人人为我的社会氛围。加强未成年人思想道德建设和大学生思想政治教育，净化社会文化环境，促进青少年身心健康，为青少年营造健康成长的空间。加强青少年文化活动场所建设，创造出更多青少年喜闻乐见、益智益德的文化作品，广泛开展面向青少年的各类文化体育活动。大力弘扬中华民族优秀传统文化，深入挖掘中华传统节日、重大纪念日思想内涵，进行思想道德教育。加强爱国主义教育基地建设，积极发展红色旅游。深化文明城市、文明村镇、文明单位创建，整合现有城市评选项目。广泛开展军民警民共建精神文明活动，推进“讲文明、树新风”活动。把诚信建设摆在突出位置，加强诚信教育，大力推进政务诚信、商务诚信、社会诚信和司法公信建设，抓紧建立健全覆盖全社会的征信系统。认真实施“六五”普法规划，加强法制宣传教育，弘扬社会主义法治精神。深入开展反腐倡廉教育，大力加强廉政文化建设，形成以廉为荣、以贪为耻的良好社会风尚。广泛开展志愿服务活动，建立完善社会志愿服务体系。大力发展社会慈善事业。继续深入研究提炼社会主义核心价值观。

三、加快构建公共文化服务体系

(一)构建公共文化服务体系。按照公益性、基本性、均等性、便利性的要求，以公共财政为支撑，以公益性文化单位为骨干，以全体人民为服务对象，以保障人民群众看电视、听广播、读书看报、进行公共文化鉴赏、参与公共文化活动等基本文化权益为主要内容，完善覆盖城乡、结构合理、功能健全、实用高效的公共文化服务体系。推动跨部门项目合作，统筹规划和建设基层公共文化服务设施，坚持项目建设和运行管理并重，实现资源整合、共建共享。加强社区公共文化设施建设，把社区文化中心建设纳入城乡规划和设计，拓展投资渠道。完善面向妇女、未成年人、老年人、残疾人的公共文化服务设施。推进国家公共文化服务体系示范区创建。制定公共文化服务指标体系和绩效考核办法，明确服务标准和服务规范，加强评估考核。

(二)加强公共文化产品和服务供给。加强文化馆、博物馆、图书馆、美术馆、科技馆、纪念馆、工人文化宫、青少年宫等公共文化服务设施和爱国主义教育示范基地建设并完善向社会免费开放服务。鼓励其他国有文化单位、教育机构等开展公益性文化活动，各类公共场所要为群众性文化活动提供便利。加快现代科技应用步伐，提高公共文化服务的数字化、网络化水平。以公共图书馆、学校电子阅览室、社区文化中心为依托，建立和完善未成年人公益性上网场所。鼓励扶持少数民族文化产品的创作生产，提高优秀汉语广播影视节目、出版物等的民族语言译制量，开展少数民族文字书报刊赠送活动。扩大盲人读物出版规模，有条件的地区可以公共图书馆为依托，建立盲人电子阅览室。把主要公共文化产品和服务项目、公益性文化活动纳入公共财政经常性支出预算。采取政府采购、项目补贴、定向资助、贷款贴息、税收减免等政策措施鼓励各类文化企业参与公共文化服务。鼓励国家投资、资助或拥有版权的文化产品无偿用于公共文化服务。

(三)加快城乡文化一体化发展。增加农村文化服务总量，缩小城乡文化发展差距，以农村和中西部地区为重点，加强县级文化馆和图书馆、乡镇综合文化站、村文化室建设，深入实施广播电视村村通、文化信息资源共享、农村电影放映和农家书屋等重点文化惠民工程，扩大覆盖、消除盲点、提高标准、完善服务、改进管理。大力推进农民体育健身工程。加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区文化服务网络建设支持和帮扶力度。引导企业、社区积极开展面向农民工的公益性文化活动，尽快把农民工纳入城市公共文化服务体系，努力丰富农民工精神文化生活。建立以城带乡联动机制，合理配置城乡文化资源，鼓励城市对农村进行文化帮扶，把支持农村文化建设作为创建文明城市基本指标。鼓励文化单位面向农村提供流动服务、网点服务，推动媒体办好农村版和农村频率频道，做好主要党报党刊在农村基层发行和赠阅工作。扶持文化企业以连锁方式加强基层和农村文化网点建设，推动电影院线、演出院线向市县延伸，支持演艺团体深入基层和农村演出。

(四)广泛开展群众性文化活动。以社区文化、企业文化、村镇文化、校园文化建设为载体，积极搭建公益性文化活动平台，依托重大节庆活动和民族民间文化资源，组织开展群众乐于参与、便于参与的文化活动。深入开展全民阅读、全民健身活动，推动文化科技卫生“三下乡”、科教文体法律卫生“四进社区”、“送欢乐下基层”等活动经常化。支持群众依法兴办文化团体，精心培育植根群众、服务群众的文化载体和文化样式。鼓励文艺工作者、艺术院校学生和热心文化公益事业的各界人士开展文化志愿服务。

 四、加快发展文化产业

(一)构建现代文化产业体系。构建结构合理、门类齐全、科技含量高、富有创意、竞争力强的现代文化产业体系，推动文化产业跨越式发展，使之成为新的经济增长点、经济结构战略性调整的重要支点、转变经济发展方式的重要着力点，为推动科学发展提供重要支撑。加快转变文化产业发展方式，促进从粗放型向集约型、质量效益型转变，增强文化产业整体实力和竞争力。实施一批重大项目，推进文化产业结构调整，发展壮大出版发行、影视制作、印刷、广告、演艺、娱乐、会展等传统文化产业，加快发展文化创意、数字出版、移动多媒体、动漫游戏等新兴文化产业。培育骨干企业，扶持中小企业，完善文化产业分工协作体系。鼓励有实力的文化企业跨地区、跨行业、跨所有制兼并重组，推动文化资源和生产要素向优势企业适度集中，培育文化产业领域战略投资者。规划建设各具特色的文化创业创意园区，支持中小文化企业发展。优化文化产业布局，发挥东中西部地区各自优势，加强文化产业基地规划和建设，规范建设一批全国文化产业示范区，发展文化产业集群，提高文化产业规模化、集约化、专业化水平。加大对拥有自主知识产权、弘扬民族优秀文化的产业支持力度，打造知名品牌。发掘城市文化资源，发展特色文化产业，建设特色文化城市。发挥首都全国文化中心示范作用。推动文化产业与旅游、体育、信息、物流、建筑等产业融合发展，提升品牌价值，增加物质产品和现代服务业的附加值和文化含量。

(二)形成公有制为主体、多种所有制共同发展的文化产业格局。培育一批核心竞争力强的国有或国有控股大型文化企业或企业集团，在发展产业和繁荣市场方面发挥主导作用。在国家许可范围内，引导社会资本以多种形式投资文化产业，参与国有经营性文化单位转企改制，参与重大文化产业项目实施和文化产业园区建设，在投资核准、信用贷款、土地使用、税收优惠、上市融资、发行债券、对外贸易和申请专项资金等方面给予支持，营造公平参与市场竞争、同等受到法律保护的体制和法制环境。加强和改进对非公有制文化企业的服务和管理，引导他们自觉履行社会责任。建立健全文化产业投融资体系，鼓励和引导文化企业面向资本市场融资，促进金融资本、社会资本和文化资源的对接。推动条件成熟的文化企业上市融资，鼓励已上市公司通过并购重组做大做强。

(三)推进文化科技创新。发挥文化和科技相互促进的作用，深入实施科技带动战略，增强自主创新能力。抓住一批全局性、战略性重大科技课题，研发一批具有自主知识产权的核心技术、关键技术、共性技术，加快发展文化装备制造业，以先进技术支撑文化装备、软件、系统研制和自主发展，加快科技创新成果转化，提高我国出版、印刷、传媒、影视、演艺、网络、动漫游戏等领域技术装备水平，增强文化产业核心竞争力。依托国家高新技术园区、国家可持续发展实验区等建立国家级文化和科技融合示范基地，把重大文化科技项目纳入国家相关科技发展规划和计划。健全以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的文化技术创新体系，培育一批特色鲜明、创新能力强的文化科技企业，支持产学研战略联盟和公共服务平台建设。研发制定文化产业技术标准，加快建立文化产品和服务质量管理体系。实施文化数字化建设工程，改造提升传统文化产业，培育发展新兴文化产业。支持电子信息产业研究开发内容制作、传输和使用的各类电子装备、软件和终端产品，支撑文化产业发展。

(四)扩大文化消费。增加文化消费总量，提高文化消费水平。创新商业模式，拓展大众文化消费市场，开发特色文化消费，扩大文化服务消费，提供个性化、分众化的文化产品和服务，培育新的文化消费增长点。提高基层文化消费水平，引导文化企业投资兴建更多适合群众需求的文化消费场所，鼓励出版适应群众购买能力的图书报刊，鼓励在商业演出和电影放映中安排一定数量的低价场次或门票，鼓励网络文化运营商开发更多低收费业务，有条件的地方要为困难群众和农民工文化消费提供适当补贴。积极发展文化旅游，促进非物质文化遗产保护传承与旅游相结合，提升旅游的文化内涵，发挥旅游对文化消费的促进作用，支持海南等重点旅游区建设。

  五、加快文化体制机制改革创新

(一)培育文化市场主体。以建立现代企业制度为重点，加快推进经营性文化单位改革，培育合格市场主体。完成一般国有文艺院团、非时政类报刊社、新闻网站转企改制，拓展出版、发行、影视企业改革成果，加快公司制股份制改造，完善法人治理结构，形成符合现代企业制度要求、体现文化企业特点的资产组织形式和经营管理模式。推动国有文化企业积极参与市场竞争、自觉承担社会责任。把改革、改组、改造与创新管理结合起来，把深化改革与调整结构、整合资源结合起来，把建立现代企业制度与推进政企分开、转变政府职能结合起来，在政府引导下发挥市场机制的积极作用，充分发挥国有文化资本的控制力、影响力和带动力。

(二)深化文化事业单位改革。按照国家分类推进事业单位改革的总体要求，科学界定文化事业单位的性质和功能，突出公益属性、强化服务功能、增强发展活力，全面推进人事、收入分配和社会保障制度改革，明确服务规范，加强绩效评估考核。国家兴办的图书馆、博物馆、文化馆(站)、群众艺术馆、美术馆等公益性文化事业单位，要创新公共文化服务设施运行机制，探索建立事业单位法人治理结构，吸纳有代表性的社会人士、专业人士、基层群众参与管理。深入推进党报党刊发行体制改革和电台电视台制播分离改革，进一步完善管理和运行机制，不断扩大主流媒体的覆盖面和影响力。推动一般时政类报刊社、公益性出版社、代表民族特色和国家水准的文艺院团等事业单位实行企业化管理，增强面向市场、面向群众提供服务能力。

(三)健全现代文化市场体系。加快发展各类文化产品和要素市场，打破条块分割、地区封锁、城乡分离的市场格局，构建统一开放竞争有序的现代文化市场体系，促进文化产品和要素在全国范围内合理流动。重点发展图书报刊、电子音像制品、演出娱乐、影视剧、动漫游戏等产品市场，进一步完善中国国际文化产业博览交易会等综合交易平台。发展连锁经营、物流配送、电子商务等现代流通组织和流通形式，加快建设大型文化流通企业和文化产品物流基地，构建以大城市为中心、中小城市相配套、贯通城乡的文化产品流通网络。加快培育产权、版权、技术、信息等要素市场，办好重点文化产权交易所，规范文化资产和艺术品交易。健全文化经纪代理、评估鉴定、投资、保险、担保、拍卖等中介服务机构，引导行业组织更好地履行协调、监督、服务、维权等职能。

(四)创新文化管理体制。深化文化行政管理体制改革，加快政府职能转变，强化政策调节、市场监管、社会管理、公共服务职能，推动政企分开、政事分开，理顺政府和文化企事业单位关系。完善管人管事管资产管导向相结合的国有文化资产管理体制，坚持社会效益优先，努力实现社会效益和经济效益的统一，建立和完善国有文化企业评估、监测、考核体系，加强国有文化资产监管，确保国有资产保值增值。探索建立适应三网融合业务发展的管理体制和工作机制。

健全文化市场综合行政执法机构，推动副省级以下城市完善综合文化行政责任主体。坚持主管主办制度，落实谁主管谁负责和属地管理原则，严格执行文化资本、文化企业、文化产品市场准入和退出政策，综合运用法律、行政、经济、科技等手段提高管理效能。深入开展“扫黄打非”，完善文化市场管理，坚决扫除毒害人们心灵的腐朽文化垃圾，切实营造确保国家文化安全的市场秩序。加强文化及相关产业统计工作，完善分类标准和统计指标，规范统计方法，增强统计数据的科学性和可比性。

六、加强文化产品创作生产的引导

(一)坚持正确创作方向。坚持以人民为中心的创作导向，热情讴歌改革开放和社会主义现代化建设伟大实践，生动展示我国人民奋发有为的精神风貌和创造历史的辉煌业绩。要引导文化工作者牢记为人民服务、为社会主义服务的神圣职责，坚持正确文化立场，认真对待和积极追求文化产品社会效果，弘扬真善美，贬斥假恶丑，把学术探索和艺术创作融入实现中华民族伟大复兴的事业之中。坚持发扬学术民主、艺术民主，营造积极健康、宽松和谐的氛围，提倡不同观点和学派充分讨论，提倡体裁、题材、形式、手段充分发展，推动观念、内容、风格、流派积极创新。把创新精神贯穿文化创作生产全过程，弘扬民族优秀文化传统和五四运动以来形成的革命文化传统，学习借鉴国外文化创新有益成果，兼收并蓄、博采众长，增强文化产品时代感和吸引力。

(二)推出更多优秀文艺作品。文学、戏剧、电影、电视、音乐、舞蹈、美术、摄影、书法、曲艺、杂技以及民间文艺、群众文艺等各领域文艺工作者都要积极投身到讴歌时代和人民的文艺创造活动之中，在社会生活中汲取素材、提炼主题，以充沛的激情、生动的笔触、优美的旋律、感人的形象，创作生产出思想性艺术性观赏性相统一、人民喜闻乐见的优秀文艺作品。实施精品战略，组织好“五个一工程”、重大革命和历史题材创作工程、重点文学艺术作品扶持工程、优秀少儿作品创作工程，鼓励原创和现实题材创作，不断推出文艺精品。扶持代表国家水准、具有民族特色和地方特色的优秀艺术品种，积极发展新的艺术样式。鼓励一切有利于陶冶情操、愉悦身心、寓教于乐的文艺创作，坚决抵制低俗之风。

(三)建立健全文化创新机制。建立健全有利于文化工作者深入实际、深入生活、深入群众的体制机制，充分调动文化工作者的积极性和创造性，努力营造有利于文化创新的良好环境。建立以文化生产单位和个人为主体、以优秀文艺作品的市场化开发为重点、以完备的产业链和完整的价值链为依托、以版权保护为保障的文化创新机制。敏锐反映社会实践的新领域、表现主体的新变化和受众的新要求，积极运用高新技术手段推动形式创新，催生新的文艺品种，增强文化产品的表现力、感染力和传播力。

(四)完善文化产品评价体系和激励机制。坚持把遵循社会主义先进文化前进方向、人民群众满意作为评价作品最高标准，把群众评价、专家评价和市场检验统一起来，形成科学的评价标准。建立公开、公平、公正评奖机制，精简评奖种类，改进评奖办法，提高权威性和公信度。加强文艺理论建设，培养高素质文艺评论队伍，开展积极健康的文艺批评，深入开展形式多样的影评、戏评、书评、乐评等活动，倡导主流价值取向，引导群众审美鉴赏，坚决抵制低俗之风，着力净化文化市场，努力营造文化发展良好环境。加强文艺评论阵地建设，扶持重点文艺评论媒体。加大优秀文化产品推广力度，运用主流媒体、公共文化场所等资源，在资金、频道、版面、场地等方面为展演展映展播展览弘扬主流价值的精品力作提供条件。设立专项艺术基金，支持收藏和推介优秀文化作品。加大知识产权保护力度，积极开展版权保护及相关服务，维护著作权人合法权益。

 七、加强传播体系建设

(一)加强重要新闻媒体建设。坚持马克思主义新闻观，牢牢把握正确导向。以党报党刊、通讯社、电台电视台为主，整合都市类媒体、网络媒体等宣传资源，调整和完善媒体的布局和结构，构建统筹协调、责任明确、功能互补、覆盖广泛、富有效率的舆论引导格局，不断壮大主流舆论，提高舆论引导的及时性、权威性和公信力、影响力。建立健全自律和他律机制，引导新闻媒体和新闻工作者秉持社会责任和职业道德，真实准确传播新闻信息，自觉抵制错误观点，坚决杜绝虚假新闻。深入推进“走基层、转作风、改文风”活动，形成长效机制。推进重点媒体扩大信息采集和产品营销网络。

(二)加强新兴媒体建设。认真贯彻积极利用、科学发展、依法管理、确保安全的方针，加强互联网等新兴媒体建设，鼓励支持国有资本进入新兴媒体，做强重点新闻网站，形成一批在国内外有较强影响力的综合性网站和特色网站，发挥主要商业网站建设性作用，培育一批网络内容生产和服务骨干企业。打造一批具有中国气派、体现时代精神的网络文化品牌。引导网络文化发展，实施网络内容建设工程，推动优秀传统文化瑰宝和当代文化精品网络传播，制作适合互联网和手机等新兴媒体传播的精品佳作，鼓励网民创作格调健康的网络文化作品。广泛开展文明网站创建，推动文明办网、文明上网，督促网络运营服务企业履行法律义务和社会责任。加强对社交网络和即时通信工具等的引导和管理，规范网上信息传播秩序，培育文明理性的网络环境。依法惩处传播有害信息行为，深入推进整治网络淫秽色情和低俗信息专项行动，严厉打击网络违法犯罪。加大网上个人信息保护力度，建立网络安全评估机制，维护公共利益和国家信息安全。加强外文网站及海外本土化网站建设，增强对外展示传播中华文化的能力。推动下一代互联网建设，积极发展与三网融合相关的新技术新业务。

(三)加强文化传播渠道建设。积极推进下一代广播电视网、新一代移动通信网络、宽带光纤接入网络等网络基础设施建设，推进三网融合，创新业务形态，发挥各类信息网络设施的文化传播作用，实现互联互通、有序运行。在确保播出安全的前提下，广播电视播出机构与电信企业可探索多种合资、合作经营模式。整合全国有线电视网络，基本实现全程全网，跨部门集成文化资源、产品和服务。加快电影院线建设，大力发展跨区域规模院线、特色院线和数字院线。加快文艺演出院线建设，推动大中城市演出场所连锁经营。加快大型骨干企业出版物发行跨地区整合和农村销售网点建设，建设以大城市为基础、中小城市相配套、贯通城乡的出版物发行网络。

八、加强文化遗产保护传承与利用 

(一)提高物质文化遗产保护水平。健全文物普查、登记、建档、认定制度，开展可移动文物普查，编制国家珍贵文物名录。加强世界文化遗产、大遗址和文物保护单位的保护维修、巡察养护及管理机构建设，开展工业遗产、元代以前木构建筑、乡土建筑、文化线路、文化景观等文化遗产的调查与保护，加强基本建设中的考古和文物保护，加大馆藏文物、水下文物的保护力度，提升科技创新能力。加强中华文明起源研究和成果宣传，在考古研究中积极应用高新技术。加强历史文化名城名镇名村保护建设，编制保护规划，完善基础设施，改善群众的居住条件和居住环境。加强文物市场法规体系建设，建立文物鉴定准入和资格管理制度，引导规范民间收藏。强化文物安全防范设施，提高文物安全防范能力。

(二)加强非物质文化遗产保护传承。健全非物质文化遗产普查、建档制度和代表性传承人认定制度，编制非物质文化遗产分布图集，完善非物质文化遗产名录保护体系，制定非物质文化遗产项目分类保护标准和规划。对濒危项目和年老体弱的代表性传承人实施抢救性保护，对具有一定市场前景的非物质文化遗产项目实施生产性保护，对非物质文化遗产集聚区实施整体性保护。加大西部地区和少数民族非物质文化遗产保护力度。统筹国家级文化生态保护区建设。建设非物质文化遗产保护利用设施，不断提高非物质文化遗产保护的科学化水平。

(三)拓展文化遗产传承利用途径。正确处理保护与利用、传承与发展的关系，促进文化遗产资源在与产业和市场的结合中实现传承和可持续发展。鼓励各地积极发展依托文化遗产的旅游及相关产业，发展特色文化服务，打造特色民族文化活动品牌。推动文化遗产信息资源、数字资源开发利用，提升中华文明展示水平和传播能力。鼓励对工业遗产、文化景观、考古遗址公园进行综合开发利用。加强文化遗产保护宣传，深入实施国家通用语言文字法，大力推广和规范使用国家通用语言文字，依法保护各民族语言文字，推动文化遗产教育与国民教育紧密结合。深入挖掘民族传统节日的文化内涵，广泛开展优秀传统文化教育普及活动，传承中华民族优秀传统文化。

九、加强对外文化交流与合作

(一)加强对外文化交流。整合社会科学、文学艺术、新闻、广播电视、电影、出版、版权、民族、侨务、体育、旅游等资源，充分利用多边和双边机制，开展国家文化年、中国文化节、“感知中国”等品牌活动，推广中华春节文化，打造“欢乐春节”等文化交流新品牌。实施对外文化合作及援助，扶持和加强边疆地区与周边国家和区域的文化交流与合作。加快推进海外中国文化中心和孔子学院建设，形成展示、体验并举的综合平台。制定我国哲学社会科学优秀成果和优秀人才走出去规划。鼓励代表国家水平的各类学术团体、艺术机构在相应国际组织中发挥建设性作用，组织对外翻译优秀学术成果和文化精品。构建人文交流机制，把政府交流和民间交流结合起来，发挥非公有制文化企业、文化非营利机构在对外文化交流中的作用，支持海外侨胞积极开展中外人文交流。建立面向外国青年的文化交流机制，设立中华文化国际传播贡献奖和国际性文化奖项。积极吸收借鉴国外优秀文化成果，坚持以我为主、为我所用，学习借鉴一切有利于加强我国社会主义文化建设的有益经验、一切有利于丰富我国人民文化生活的积极成果、一切有利于发展我国文化事业和文化产业的经营管理理念和机制。

(二)推动文化产品和服务出口。实施文化走出去工程，完善支持文化产品和服务走出去政策措施，进一步扶持文化出口重点企业和重点项目，完善《文化产品和服务出口指导目录》，培育一批具有国际竞争力的外向型文化企业和中介机构，形成一批有实力的文化跨国企业和著名品牌。扶持文化企业开展跨境服务和国际服务外包，生产制作以外需为取向的文化产品。扩大版权贸易，保持图书、报纸、期刊、音像制品、电子出版物等出口持续快速增长，支持电影、电视剧、纪录片、动画片等出口，扩大印刷外贸加工规模。扶持优秀国产影片进入国外主流院线，国产游戏进入国际主流市场，数字出版拓展海外市场，开发一批在境外长期驻场或巡回演出的演艺产品，逐步改变主要文化产品进出口严重逆差的局面。积极扩大文化产品和服务出口规模，推动开拓国际市场。深入挖掘民族文化资源，充分运用高新技术手段提升我国文化产品的表现形式和质量，开发国外受众易于接受的文化产品和服务。加强国际文化产品和服务交易平台及国际营销网络建设，办好重点国际性展会。发展对外文化中介机构，培育专业贸易公司和代理公司，构建完整有效的投资信息平台和文化贸易统计分析体系。积极参与国际文化贸易规则的制定。充分利用香港、澳门区位优势，推动文化产品和服务出口。

(三)扩大文化企业对外投资和跨国经营。鼓励具有竞争优势和经营管理能力的文化企业对外投资，兴办文化企业，经营影院、出版社、剧场、书店和报刊、广播电台电视台等。鼓励从事具有中国特色的影视作品、出版物、音乐舞蹈、戏曲曲艺、武术杂技和演出展览等领域的文化企业采用多种形式开拓海外市场。吸收外资进入法律法规许可的文化产业领域。鼓励文化单位同国外有实力的文化机构进行项目合作，学习先进制作技术和管理经验。

十、加强文化人才队伍建设

(一)造就高层次领军人物和高素质文化人才队伍。遵循文化发展规律和人才成长规律，建立和完善有利于优秀人才健康成长和脱颖而出的体制机制，加快构建一支门类齐全、结构合理、梯次分明、素质优良的宣传思想文化工作者队伍。继续实施“四个一批”人才培养工程和文化名家工程，建立重大文化项目首席专家制度，造就一批人民喜爱、有国际影响的名家大师和民族文化代表人物。加强专业文化工作队伍、文化企业家队伍建设，扶持资助优秀中青年文化人才主持重大课题、领衔重点项目，抓紧培养善于开拓文化新领域的拔尖创新人才、掌握现代传媒技术的专门人才、懂经营善管理的复合型人才、适应文化走出去需要的国际化人才。完善相关政策措施，多渠道吸引海外优秀文化人才。积极支持高层次人才创办文化企业，完善实施知识产权作为资本参股的措施，实施扶持创业优惠政策。落实国家荣誉制度，抓紧设立国家级文化荣誉称号，表彰奖励成就卓著的文化工作者。

(二)加强基层文化人才队伍建设。制定实施基层文化人才队伍建设规划，完善机构编制、学习培训、待遇保障等方面的政策措施，吸引优秀文化人才服务基层。完善基层优秀人才发现培养机制，配好配齐乡镇、街道党委宣传委员、宣传干事和乡镇综合文化站专职人员，提高队伍建设科学化水平。积极推进大学生“村官”计划，鼓励到基层从事宣传文化事业。设立城乡社区公共文化服务岗位，对服务期满高校毕业生报考文化部门公务员、相关专业研究生实行定向招录。重视发现和培养扎根基层的乡土文化能人、民族民间文化传承人特别是非物质文化遗产项目代表性传承人，鼓励和扶持群众中涌现出的各类文化人才和文化活动积极分子，促进他们健康成长、发挥积极作用。制定西部地区基层宣传文化人才队伍支持计划，对西部地区、革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区人才队伍建设予以重点扶持。

(三)建立完善文化人才培训机制。建立健全分类培训的宣传思想文化人才培训体制机制，制定实施各类人才培训计划。创新人才培养模式，实施高端紧缺文化人才培养计划，搭建文化人才终身学习平台。依托党校、行政学院、干部学院、高等学校、职业院校、定点大型企业，发挥人民团体的作用，加强文化人才政治素养和道德素质教育，开展任职培训、岗位培训、业务培训、技能培训。完善人才挂职锻炼、调研采风、国情考察制度。完善人才培养开发、评价发现、选拔任用、流动配置、激励保障机制，深化职称评审改革，为优秀人才脱颖而出、施展才干创造有利制度环境。重视发现和培养社会文化人才。对非公有制文化单位人员评定职称、参与培训、申报项目、表彰奖励同等对待，纳入相应人才培养工程。建立完善文化领域职业资格制度。

(四)加强职业道德建设和作风建设。引导广大文化工作者加强自身修养，做道德品行和人格操守的示范者，努力成为优秀文化的生产者和传播者。引导文化工作者特别是名家名人自觉践行社会主义核心价值体系，增强社会责任感，弘扬科学精神和职业道德，发扬严谨笃学、潜心钻研、淡泊名利、自尊自律的风尚，努力追求德艺双馨，坚决抵制学术不端、情趣低俗等不良风气。积极支持文化工作者特别是文化名家、中青年骨干深入实际、深入生活、深入群众，拜人民为师，增强国情了解，增加基层体验，增进群众感情。

十一、政策措施

(一)政府投入保障政策。加大政府投入力度，建立健全同国力相匹配、同人民群众文化需求相适应的政府投入保障机制。保证公共财政对文化建设投入的增长幅度高于财政经常性收入增长幅度，提高文化支出占财政支出比例。增加公共文化服务体系建设资金和经费保障投入。以农村和基层、边疆民族地区、贫困地区为重点，优先安排涉及广大人民群众切身利益的文化项目，重点保障基层公共文化机构正常运转和开展基本公共文化服务活动所需经费，扶持公共文化机构的技术改造和设备投入。依法保障公共文化设施用地。中央、省、市三级设立农村文化建设专项资金，保证一定数量的中央转移支付资金用于乡镇和村文化建设。转变投入方式，通过政府购买服务、项目补贴、以奖代补等方式，鼓励和引导社会力量提供公共文化产品和服务，促进文化产业发展。设立国家文化发展基金，扩大有关文化基金和专项资金规模，提高各级彩票公益金用于文化事业比重。增加文化遗产保护经费投入。支持政府间文化交流和中华文化走出去。支持战略性、先导性、带动性文化产业项目建设，支持文化科技研发应用和提高文化企业技术装备水平。

(二)文化经济政策。对已有支持文化体制改革、支持文化事业和文化产业发展的经济政策进行修订或延续。进一步落实鼓励社会组织、机构和个人捐赠以及兴办公益性文化事业的税收优惠政策，促进企业及民间对文化的投入明显增加。加大财政、税收、金融、用地等方面对文化产业的政策扶持力度，对文化内容创意生产、非物质文化遗产项目经营实行税收优惠。继续征收文化事业建设费和国家电影发展专项资金。落实和完善金融支持文化产业发展政策，加强和改善对文化企业的金融服务。发挥文化产业投资基金的引导作用，吸引金融资本和其他社会资本进入文化产业。完善文化市场准入政策，吸引社会资本投资文化产业。加强对原创性作品的政策扶持和创新型人才的培养。把文化科技研发纳入国家科技创新体系，制定文化产业支撑技术的类别和范围，运用产业政策鼓励文化企业集成应用高新技术，支持文化装备业与文化产业协调发展。继续执行文化体制改革配套政策，对转企改制国有文化单位扶持政策执行期限再延长5年。

(三)文化贸易促进政策。加大已有支持对外文化贸易各项优惠政策的落实力度，进一步完善有关财税政策，支持文化企业走出去。支持文化企业在海外投资、投标、营销、参展和宣传等市场开拓活动，为文化企业走出去提供通关便利。对符合条件的文化企业发展海外业务给予账户开立、资金汇兑方面的政策便利。加强文化企业和文化产品在进出口环节的知识产权保护，维护权利人的合法权益。

(四)版权保护政策。建设涵盖文学艺术、广播影视、新闻出版等领域的版权公共服务平台和版权交易平台，扶持版权代理、版权价值评估、版权质押登记、版权投融资活动，推动版权贸易常态化。加强版权行政执法和司法保护的有效衔接，严厉打击各类侵权盗版行为，增强全社会的版权保护意识。发展版权相关产业。

(五)法制保障。建立健全文化法律法规体系，加快文化立法，制定和完善公共文化服务保障、文化产业振兴、文化市场管理等方面法律法规，将文化建设的重大政策措施适时上升为法律法规，加强地方文化立法，提高文化建设法制化水平。

十二、组织实施

各级党委和政府要从全局和战略高度，充分认识文化建设的重要地位和作用，切实把文化改革发展摆在全局工作的重要位置，纳入重要议事日程，纳入经济社会发展全局，纳入评价地区发展水平、发展质量和领导干部工作业绩的重要内容，推动文化建设与经济建设、政治建设、社会建设协调发展。进一步增强政治意识、大局意识、责任意识，牢牢把握文化改革发展的主动权。

坚持和完善党委统一领导、党政齐抓共管、宣传部门组织协调、有关部门分工负责、社会力量积极参与的工作体制和工作格局，形成推进文化改革发展强大合力。将文化体制改革工作领导小组调整为文化体制改革和发展工作领导小组，切实发挥统筹领导作用。党委宣传部门要加强协调指导，有关文化行政管理部门要尽快制定落实本纲要的实施方案，报中央文化体制改革和发展工作领导小组批准后组织实施；国家发展改革委、财政部、商务部、税务总局等要尽快制定落实政府投入和相关政策的实施细则，加快重点工程和项目的立项，落实资金投入、经费保障和各项政策；各有关部门要按照职责分工，发挥各自优势，为文化改革发展提供强有力的支持。将文化改革发展纳入各级党校、行政学院、干部学院教学培训的内容。各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府和新疆生产建设兵团要结合本地实际，认真贯彻落实本纲要。各地区各部门要加强对纲要实施情况的跟踪分析，做好中期评估。将纲要中确定的约束性指标纳入经济社会发展综合评价和绩效考核体系。

组织实施中要以科学发展观为指导，正确把握文化改革发展的重大关系，促进文化又好又快发展。要正确把握文化产品的意识形态属性和产业属性，正确处理社会效益和经济效益的关系，始终把社会效益放在首位，努力实现社会效益与经济效益的有机统一。要正确处理东部地区和中西部地区、城乡之间均衡发展的关系，切实加大对中西部地区和广大农村公共文化服务体系建设的支持力度，促进基本公共文化服务均等化。要正确处理繁荣市场和加强监管的关系，更加注重依法管理，综合运用法律、经济、行政、科技等手段，提高管理效能，确保文化健康有序发展。要正确处理坚持对外开放和维护文化安全的关系，在不断扩大对外开放、努力吸收世界各国优秀文明成果的同时，切实维护国家文化安全，形成以民族文化为主体、积极吸收外来有益文化的对外开放格局。要正确处理加强管理和营造良好创作环境的关系，进一步创新管理理念，强化服务意识，寓管理于服务之中，建立和完善有利于优秀人才健康成长和脱颖而出的体制机制，最大限度地调动广大文化工作者的积极性、主动性和创造性。在全社会营造鼓励文化创造的良好氛围，为广大群众成为社会主义文化建设者提供广阔舞台，让蕴藏于人民中的文化创造活力得到充分发挥。

The basic reason SARFT regulates these specific fields lies with the programmatic documents released by the National Peoples Congress and the CCP Central committee. These documents outline the policymaking direction and ideological source until the next generation of documents replace them. So we can find there are enough predictions in those documents about all new SARFT regulatory documents.

The current programmatic documents are the “Central Committee Decision Concerning Deepening Cultural Structural Reform“, reviewed and approved by the 6th Plenum of the 17th Central Committee, from October 2011 and the 12th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of PRC(2011-2015), reviewed and approved by the 4th Plenary Session of the 11th National People’s Congress in March 2011.

Especially the 12th Five-Year Plan is a programmatic document for all administrative bureaus to plan their policy-making. Based on it, the Central Propaganda Department has also drafted a five-year plan for cultural structural reform and development. More detailed directions concerning media are addressed in this document, and most regulations from administrations like SARFT and GAPP in the following years are all based on those programmatic documents.

I participated in policymaking processes in GAPP [the General Administration of Press and Publications, ed.], and I noticed that they actually follow those programmatic documents in everyday work, and regard them as a measurable standard or basis for their work.

Now, how does SARFT make policy according to The 12th Five-Year Plan? First, Chapter 43, “Promoting Cultural Innovation” of the 12^thFive Year Plan mentions “promotion of mainstream values”, which is the policy basis for the SARFT “decree limiting entertainment”, because the Western-style entertainment shows they target do not belong to mainstream values as defined in the Plan. Second, Chapter 43 mentions that cultural content should be “based on the practice of contemporary China, reflect the People’s dominant position and real life, and improve the quality of cultural products”. This is the policy basis for limiting the proportion of historical themes in television drama and limiting imported television dramas. Third, Chapter 44 mentions media must “always put social interest first”, which is the policy basis for limiting advertising.

That brings us to the question why SARFT has been so active in new regulations, as opposed to GAPP or the Ministry of Culture. First, SARFT has a conservative tradition at the Central level, and follows the Central Committee closely. Second, SARFT is under the most pressures from Party elders and conservatives. Many former senior cadres and officials watch TV frequently and will telephone SARFT if and when they see something they don’t like. This is why SARFT is under more pressure than other cultural administrations. Third, a new Five-Year Plan has just been released, which always causes a wave of new regulation. Last, the upcoming leadership transition may be an opportunity for administration leaders to gain political influence.

Many of the regulations have primarily been aimed at local television stations, which raises other questions. Can these bargain with SARFT? Are exceptions made? Can we say something about implementation?

In the policymaking process, bargaining is usually present. Normally, before releasing new regulatory documents, SARFT will negotiate with television stations and organizations that will be affected by them, and will ask them for advice. There is no bargaining room for documents coming from the NPC or the Central Committee. There is also bargaining when deciding on sanctions, but the outcome of that depends on what the violation at issue was, and who is involved. Because the new batch of regulations are all based on the new directions coming from the State Council and the Central Committee, provincial television stations cannot bargain with SARFT about whether or not these new documents should be made, but there are different issues at the implementation stage. SARFT always doubts whether they can effectively implement their overdetailed regulations, as supervising every TV channels is costly for them. Hence, they always ask local radio, film and television bureaus to supervise local television channels and then report to SARFT. In some cases, directors of local television stations have a higher administrative level than the director of the local administrative bureau, so those stations often dare to “hit line balls”, and the local department often “keeps one eye open, and one eye close”, which means that there are things they won’t report to SARFT. Of course, television stations with less power have to obey the regulations carefully.

I, Strengthening import project filing, examination and approval management

(1) SARFT accepts all filing applications from importing work units divided over two times per year. The accepting times are from 1 until 10 January and July. All importing work units, when applying for project filing, shall earnestly fill out the “Imported Drama Project Filing Planning Report Form” (see Attachment 1 for the format), and report it to SARFT for examination and approval after reporting to the provincial-level administrative radio, film and television entity for preliminary examination.

(2) Foreign television dramas having passed project filing shall be reported to SARFT for examination within the stipulated time, according to regulations, materials such as the import contract (Chinese and foreign language), copyright certification (Chinese and foreign language), the credentials of the organ providing the film, etc., shall be submitted, and an “Imported Foreign Television Drama Application Form” shall be earnestly filled out (see Attachment 2 for the format), and it shall be reported to SARFT for examination and approval after reporting to the provincial-level administrative radio, film and television entity for preliminary examination.

(3) In order to raise the quality of imported dramas, and expand high-definition programme resources, high-definition versions of foreign television dramas shall be imported with priority; the length of imported foreign television dramas is in principle controlled at 50 episodes or less.

(4) All provincial-level administrative radio, film and television entities shall earnestly implement preliminary examination management duties, strictly grasp orientation and style, strengthen examination of materials and content from the beginning of project filing, and may not import foreign television dramas involving lawsuits or having violent or vulgar content.

(5) Where foreign dramas for whatever reason cannot be reported for examination or their content has not been able to pass after examination, after they have been listed in project filing planning, they may be changed once to a programme from the same production location and with the same theme.

II, Strengthening imported drama re-distribution after contract renewal examination and approval management

(1) Foreign televisions that have been imported with SARFT approval, after the “Television Drama Distribution Permit” expires, where the work unit having the original import qualifications signs an import contract and copyright authorization letter with the copyright holder, are reported by provincial-level administrative radio, film and television entities to SARFT, and may only then be redistributed.

(2) To apply for re-importing foreign television dramas after contract renewal, materials such as such as the import contract (Chinese and foreign language), copyright certification (Chinese and foreign language), the credentials of the organ providing the film, etc., shall be submitted, and an “Imported Foreign Television Drama Contract Extension Application Form” shall be earnestly filled out (see Attachment 3 for the format), and it shall be reported to the provincial-level administrative radio, film and television entity for examination and approval. All levels’ administrative radio, film and television entities shall again conduct content examination, issue a content examination approval letter, and report to SARFT for examination and approval.

(3) SARFT will examine and approve these put together during the last month of every season on the basis of the import contract extension application and content examination opinions reported by the provincial-level administrative radio, film and television entities. A “Television Drama Distribution Permit” will be issued again to foreign television dramas that are approved for redistribution.

III, Strengthening imported drama broadcast management

(1) All levels’ broadcasting organs must strictly according to SARFT regulations, when broadcasting foreign television dramas, earnestly examine and verify corresponding procedures and approval documents, and indicate the distribution permit number during the opening titles.

(2) Foreign television dramas may not be broadcast during the golden hours (19:00). All television channels’ daily broadcast of foreign television dramas may not exceed 25% of the total television drama broadcast time of that channel on that day.

(3) All levels’ television stations reporting and obtaining SARFT approval for imported television dramas must broadcast it first on their station, only after firs broadcast is it permitted to distribute it to other television channels for broadcast.

(4) All television channels may not covertly broadcast complete television dramas that have not passed SARFT examination and approval or that have not obtained distribution permits in means such as short column dramas or foreign television drama introductions. The duration of foreign television dramas inserted in every column may not exceed three minutes, the cumulative use of foreign television drama fragments may not exceed ten minutes in duration. Information-type columns introducing foreign television dramas usage of foreign television drama fragments may not exceed one minute in duration.

(5) Further strengthening foreign television drama broadcast country balance management, it is to be avoided that individual television channels broadcast foreign television dramas from the same country or region together in the same time slot.

(6) All provincial-level administrative radio, film and television entities must strengthen supervision and management over all levels’ television channels broadcast of foreign television dramas within their jurisdictions, and expand punishment strength against channels violating regulations. If situations violating regulations are discovered, the provincial-level administrative radio, film and television entities shall issue a “Rectification Notification” to the broadcast organ violating regulations, and order reform within a specified time limit; and issue a “Violation Punishment Decision Letter” to organs that do not reform or where broadcasting activities violating regulations are discovered a second time within 180 days of completing reform, and report them for criticism at the same time. Where circumstances are especially grave, SARFT will issue a “Violation Punishment Decision Letter”, and report them for criticism nationwide.

This Notice will take effect on the day of promulgation. The original “Notice Concerning Further Strengthening and Improving Foreign Television Drama Import and Broadcast Management” (GFSZ No. (1995)547) and the “Notice Concerning Strengthening Local Television Station Rebroadcasting Foreign Television Drama Management” (GFSZ No. (1999)489) are abolished at the same time.

Attachments:

1.Imported Drama Project Filing Planning Report Form

2.Imported Foreign Television Drama Application Form

3.Imported Foreign Television Drama Contract Extension Application Form

广电总局关于进一步加强和改进
境外影视剧引进和播出管理的通知

　　2月9日，广电总局向各省、自治区、直辖市广播影视局，新疆生产建设兵团广播电视局，中央电视台，中国电影集团公司，中国国际电视总公司发出《广电总局关于进一步加强和改进境外影视剧引进和播出管理的通知》，通知说，自《境外电视节目引进、播出管理规定》（广电总局令第42号）、《关于加强引进剧规划工作的通知》（广发外字〔2002〕948号）和《广电总局关于禁止以栏目形式违规播出境外影视剧的通知》（广发〔2009〕82号）发布施行以来，各级广播电视机构认真按照广电总局有关规定引进、播出境外影视剧，对丰富人民群众精神文化生活，增进对世界各民族优秀文化的了解发挥了积极作用。为进一步加强和改进境外影视剧引进和播出管理工作，现将有关要求通知如下：
一、加强对境外影视剧引进立项和审批管理
（一）总局每年分两次受理各引进单位的立项申请。受理时间为每年1月和7月的1日至10日。各引进单位在立项申请时，应认真填写《引进剧立项规划申报表》（格式见附件1），并报省级广播影视行政部门初审后报总局审批。
（二）立项通过的境外影视剧应在规定时间内向总局报审，按规定提交引进合同（中外文）、版权证明（中外文）、供片机构资质证明等材料，认真填写《引进境外影视剧申请表》（格式见附件2），并报省级广播影视行政部门初审后报总局审批。
（三）为提高引进节目质量，扩大高清节目源，应优先引进高清版本的境外影视剧；引进境外影视剧的长度原则上控制在50集以内。
（四）各省级广播影视行政部门应认真履行初审的管理职责，严格把握导向和格调，从立项环节开始加强对题材和内容的审查，不得引进涉案题材和含有暴力低俗内容的境外影视剧。
（五）境外影视剧列入立项规划后因故不能报审或报审后内容未能通过的，可在规定时间内更换同一产地、同一题材的节目一次。
二、加强引进剧续约后再次发行的审批管理
（一）经总局批准引进的境外影视剧在《电视剧发行许可证》过期后，由具有引进资格的单位重新与版权方签署引进合同和版权授权书，经省级广播影视行政部门报总局批准，方可再次发行。
（二）申报续约后再次引进的境外影视剧应按规定提交引进合同（中外文）、版权证明（中外文）、供片机构的资质证明等材料，认真填写《续约引进境外影视剧申请表》（格式见附件3），报省级广播影视行政部门审批。各省级广播影视行政部门应对内容重新进行审查，并出具内容审查同意书，报总局审批。
（三）总局根据省级广播影视行政部门上报的续约引进申请和内容审查意见，于每季度最后一个月集中审批。对批准再次发行的境外影视剧，重新颁发《电视剧发行许可证》。
三、加强引进剧播出管理
（一）各级播出机构要严格按照总局规定，在播出境外影视剧时认真审核相关手续和批准文件，并在片头标明发行许可证编号。
（二）境外影视剧不得在黄金时段（19：00-22：00）播出。各电视频道每天播出的境外影视剧，不得超过该频道当天影视剧总播出时间的百分之二十五。
（三）各级电视台申报并获得总局批准引进的境外影视剧必须在本台首播，首播之后才可以再次发行在其他电视频道播出。
（四）各电视频道不得以栏目短剧或介绍境外影视剧的形式变相完整播出未经广电总局审批并获得发行许可证的境外影视剧。每期栏目中插播境外影视剧的时长不得超过3分钟，累计使用境外影视剧片段的时间不得超过10分钟。介绍境外影视剧的资讯类栏目，使用境外影视剧片段时长不得超过1分钟。
（五）进一步加强境外影视剧播出国别比例的管理，避免个别电视频道在一段时期内集中播出某一国家或地区的境外影视剧。
（六）各省级广播影视行政部门要加强对辖区内各级电视频道播出境外影视剧的监管，加大对违规频道的处罚力度。如发现违规情况，省级广播影视行政部门应对违规播出机构下发《整改通知书》，责令限期整改；对未整改或整改完成后180日内再次出现违规播出行为的机构下发《违规处理决定书》，同时予以通报批评。情节特别严重的，由总局下发《违规处理决定书》，并予以全国通报批评。
本通知自下发之日起执行。原《关于进一步加强和改进境外影视剧引进和播出管理的通知》（广发社字〔1995〕547号）和《关于加强地方电视台重播境外电视剧管理的通知》（广发社字〔1999〕489号）同时废止。
　　附件：1.引进剧立项规划申报表
　　　　　2.引进境外影视剧申请表
　　　　　3.续约引进境外影视剧申请表

1: The proportion of modern-day television dramas broadcast by provincial satellite stations must be 40% or more;

2: Palace dramas are strictly controlled, historical dramas may not distort history

3: Under the decree limiting entertainment, television dramas may not be overly entertainmentized;

4: Police and gangster dramas are strictly managed as before, but describing police life can be considered as modern life themes;

5: The broadcast proportion of themes aimed at children, the countryside, ethnic minorities, etc, must be 15% by the year 2013.

With this, I have three questions:

This document is the latest one in a flurry of new controls over television, including limiting entertainment programmes and advertising in television dramas. Interestingly, these are mainly directed at the increasingly popular provincial satellite channels, which have become strong competition for CCTV. Is SARFT perhaps trying to adjust that balance?

A very worrying development is that SARFT has started to not publish these regulations. When the limits on entertainment programmes were announced, a SARFT spokesperson gave an interview to Xinhua, but the original document still cannot be found, for example, on the SARFT website. This television drama Opinion also cannot be found online. Is SARFT getting less transparent?

This document continues the concern about historical themes that we already saw in the document banning time travel. Throughout Chinese history, a display the past has been a way to subtly criticize the present. Presumably, the authorities are very attentive to such issues, and may read very different meanings into films, books or plays than the author may have wanted. One of the factors leading to the Cultural revolution was such a play. Is SARFT concerned about historical dramas destabilizing the Party-State?

(1) The need for China to gain more cultural and soft power abroad.

(2) The necessity of providing better public cultural service at the local and grass-roots level, as a component of achieving the xiaokang shehui or relatively well-off society. Also, this is a part of the harmonious society

(3) The emphasis on socialism with Chinese characteristics as a part of a wider thrust to bring ideology back to the forefront of social and economic development.

Also, the language that is used is quite interesting. The speech (like the Decision) contains many military-related terms, like struggle, battlefield and “arming the Party”. This sort of language has become more frequent recently, and looks a bit like a throwback to the language of the early Communist era.

The background for this evolution is quite clear. First, China seems to feel that it should be treated with more respect and that it should get its way more often in the international arena. It would also like to see a greater influence of Chinese culture, through which it could then extend its political reach. See, for example, the Confucius institutes and the enormous amounts of money pumped into exchange programmes for Chinese language and culture teaching. However, the continuous stream stories such as the fate of Liu Xiaobo, Ai Weiwei and other dissidents, the Wukan incident, human rights abuses, trade issues and – ironically, the breaking of this story – are negating much, if not all, of those efforts.

Second, the Party may be facing increasing limits to growth at home, and the consequences of unbalanced development. The drive to expand cultural facilities to the grass-roots could be interpreted as an effort to expand the “main melody” into the minds of those who have been at the losing end of China’s development. The necessary transformation of China’s development model will be painful for some, and cultural tactics seem to be considered as a way to at least maintain some CCP legitimacy. Furthermore, culture seems to be considered as an answer to the perceived lack of morality in Chinese society, illustrated by the Wang Yue incident, as well as corruption and other abuses.

The question, as always, is what the consequences of this will be. Many of China’s issues, including those in the cultural sphere, are caused by systemic issues in the political and economic system. It is also difficult to see how the lack of trust in officialdom, and hence, official media, can be solved by increasing the amount of official or State-supported media. Similarly, it’s difficult to see how the drive to diversify tallies up with the recent decisions to crack down on entertainment programming, and to contain microblogs.

In any case, here is a translation of the article:

Resolutely walk the path of Socialist culture development with Chinese characteristics

Striving to construct a strong socialist culture country

Hu Jintao

Cultural Construction is an important component part for constructing the general composition of socialist undertakings with Chinese characteristics, cultural flourishing and development is an important goal for completely constructing a relatively well-off society. The Decision passed by the plenary session, completely summarizes the achievements and experiences of the Party’s leadership of cultural construction, deeply analyzes the situation and tasks facing cultural construction, and on the basis of concentrating the wisdom of the entire Party, has elaborated the development path for socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, has established strategic objectives for constructing a strong socialist culture country, has put forward the guiding ideology, important guiding principles, objectives, tasks and policy measures for promoting cultural reform and development under new circumstances, and is a programmatic document for guiding our country’s cultural reform and development in the present and future periods. The entire Party must earnestly study and deeply comprehend it, and jointly substantially implement the spirit of the plenary meeting, and struggle to realize the objectives and tasks put forward in the plenary meeting.

First, deeply recognize the importance and urgency of promoting cultural reform and development. Giving full rein to the function of advanced culture in guiding the direction of progress, concentrating struggle forces and promoting development of undertaking, is a precious experience and a great political superiority of our Party. In all historical periods of revolution, construction and reform, our Party has integrated the conditions of the time and revolved around the central tasks of the Party to put forward guiding cultural principles, cultural goals and cultural policy, persisted in unremittingly moving cultural construction forward, has forcefully promoted the development of Party and people’s undertakings. Through unremitting efforts since reform and opening-up, we have walked the path of developing socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, have clearly raised the ideological and moral quality and the scientific culture quality of the entire nation, stimulated the complete development of people, clearly strengthened the country’s cultural soft power, have provided strong spiritual forces to persist in and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, have established a solid basis and have accumulated precious experience for further arousing a new high tide of socialist culture construction.

At present, the world is in a period of great development, great change and great readjustment, present China is in the course of turning towards new struggle objectives to forge ahead to in a new historical starting point, the function of culture is even more broad and deep. From the international view, one clear characteristic of comprehensive national strength and competition is that the position and function of culture have become even more prominent, many countries, and especially the major large countries all have taken raising cultural soft power as an important strategy for strengthening national core competitiveness. With the background that within the global scope, all sorts of ideological and cultural exchange, blending and battle have become even more frequent, who occupies the commanding heights of cultural development, possesses strong cultural soft power, and is able to gain the initiative in the fierce international competition. At the same time, we must soberly be aware that, hostile foreign powers are intensifying strategies and plots to Westernize and divide our country, the ideological and cultural sphere is the focus sphere in which they conduct long-term infiltration. We must deeply recognize the gravity and complexity of struggle in the ideological domain, ring the alarm bell, be on a long-term guard, adopt forceful measures to be on guard and react. From the domestic view, through development since the founding of New China and especially since the more than thirty years of reform and opening up, our country’s economic strength and comprehensive national strength has clearly strengthened, but our country is still and will for a long time remain in an unchanged national condition of the primary stages of socialism, the principal social contradiction of contradictions between the people’s daily increasing material and cultural requirements and the backward social production has not changed. Our country has already entered the key period of completely constructing a relatively well-off society and the assault time for deepening reform and opening up, accelerating transformation of economic development methods, culture has increasingly become an important source for national cohesion and creativity, has increasingly become an important factor in comprehensive national strength and competition, has increasingly become and important pillar for economic and social development, enriching spiritual culture life has increasingly become a fervent desire of our country and people. From the view of our country’s cultural construction itself, the cultural sphere is now undergoing broad and deep change, cultural development has obtained huge achievements, but generally speaking, cultural development is not yet completely adapted to economic and social development and the people’s daily increasing spiritual culture requirements, systemic and mechanistic problems fettering cultural production forces’ development have not been fully solved, the function of culture in aspects such as guiding the prevailing trends, educating the people, serving socialism, promoting development, etc., has not yet been given free rein, our country’s comprehensive cultural strength and international influence are ill-matched with our country’s international position, the international cultural and public opinion structure of “strong West and weak us” has not yet been fully reversed. In aspects of education on ideals and beliefs, ideological and moral construction, sincerity and honesty construction, cultural creation, public cultural services, cultural industry development, rural culture development, floating population cultural life, network construction and management, promoting Chinese culture to march towards the world, etc, not a few prominent contradictions and problems still exist, which must be grasped and resolved.

In short, grasping and using well the important strategic opportunity period of our country’s development, and deepening cultural structural reform in a new historical starting point, promoting the grand development and grand flourishing of socialist culture, concerns realizing the struggle objective of completely constructing a relatively well-off society, concerns persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, concerns realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The plenary meeting has put forward guiding ideology for moving forward cultural reform and development, and has emphasized the necessity to completely implement the spirit of the 17th Party Congress, raise high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, takes Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important “Three Represents” though as guidance, deeply implements the scientific development view, persists in the progressive direction of advanced socialist culture, takes scientific development as the core, takes construction a core socialist value system as the basic task, takes satisfying the people’s spiritual culture requirements as starting point and stop-over point, takes reform and innovation as drivers, develops a socialist culture facing modernization, facing the world, facing the future, of the people and of science, fosters high-level cultural consciousness and cultural self-confidence, raises the civilization quality of the entire nation, strengthens national cultural soft power, carries forward Chinese culture, strives to construct a strong socialist culture country. The entire Party must deeply understand and completely implement this guiding ideology, and at the same time as persisting in economic constructing at the centre, consciously make cultural flourishing and development into an important content of persisting that development has hard truths, and that development is the first important task of the Party governing the country, make it into a basic requirement for deeply implementing the scientific development view, further promote the coordinated development of cultural construction with economic construction, political construction, social construction as well as ideological and civilization construction, providing a strong ideological guarantee, strong spiritual drive, forceful public opinion support and desirable cultural conditions for continuing to liberate thoughts, persisting in reform and opening up, promoting scientific development, stimulating social harmony.

Second, resolutely marching the development path of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics has rich connotations, and concretely reflects the necessity to completely comprehend and completely implement the guiding ideology, important principles, objectives, tasks and policy measures put forward by the plenary meeting. Here, I’d like to stress some issues.

To persist in the development path of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, we must persist in taking Marxism as guidance, and persist in the progressive direction of advanced socialist culture. Persisting in taking Marxism as guidance and taking advanced socialist culture as the lead, is the most distinctive characteristic of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, and is also a basic issue concerning the overall picture of cultural reform and development. Only by persisting in taking Marxism as guidance and taking advanced socialist culture as the lead, will it be possible to build a durable basis for the development of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. Under the circumstances of the daily development of the socialist market economy and the incessant expansion of opening up to abroad, our country’s social ideology has become more diverse, social values have become more varied, social trends have become more changeable, the importance and urgency of persisting in taking Marxism as guidance and taking advanced socialist culture as the lead has become more prominent. To promote the grand development and grand flourishing of socialist culture, we must persist in the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological sphere, provide forceful theoretical guidance to cultural construction, guarantee that cultural reform and development completely advances along the correct path; we must persist in applying Marxist theory and especially socialism with Chinese characteristics theory in all areas of cultural reform and development, incessantly enrich and develop cultural construction theories having Chinese characteristics, that conform to the development requirements of the times, making sure that all aspects of our country’s culture development are built on a solid theoretical basis; we must persist in the orientation of serving the People and serving socialism and the guiding principle of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, correctly handle the relationship between carrying forward the main melody and encouraging diversification, the relationship between educating the people and satisfying the people’s diverse spiritual culture requirements, the relationship between putting social interest first and raising economic benefits, effectively lead social trends, forcefully resist wrong and degenerate ideological influence, incessantly consolidate and expand mainstream socialist ideology and culture.

To persist in the path of socialist culture development with Chinese characteristics, we must give rein to the main function of the people in cultural construction, persist cultural development being for the people, cultural development relying on the people, and cultural development results to be enjoyed by the people. To work for whom and rely on whom is a basic question in our promotion of cultural reform and development, and decides the nature and orientation of socialist culture. Socialist culture with Chinese characteristics is culture jointly constructed and jointly enjoyed by the people, the people are the most profound source of strength for the grand development and grand flourishing of socialist culture. Persisting in this matter is and essential requirement for our country’s socialist system, and is also an important reflection of our Party’s Party-building to serve the public and the idea of governing for the people. To promote the grand development and grand flourishing of socialist culture, we must persist in taking people as the core, take satisfying the people’s spiritual culture requirements and stimulating people’s overall development as basic goal, incessantly raise the ideological and moral quality, and the scientific and culture quality of the people, foster socialist citizens having ideals, having morals, having culture and having discipline; we must implement the Party’s mass line, respect the main position of the people and their pioneering spirit, making social culture creation vitality vie and burst forth; we must persisting in the creative orientation of the people as the centre, be concerned with the fate of the people, sympathize with the people’s desires, reflect the people’s aspiration, draw nourishment from the great creations of the people, respectfully present the best spiritual nourishment to the people; we must persist in facing the grass-roots, facing the masses, take satisfying the people’s basic culture requirements as the basic task for socialist culture construction, encourage creation and production of even more cultural products that are welcomed by the people, letting cultural development achievements be extended to the entire people.

To persist in the development path of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, we must inherit and carry forward excellent Chinese cultural traditions, forcefully carry forward Chinese culture, construct a common spiritual garden for the Chinese nation. Chinese culture is long-standing and well-established, wide-ranging and profound, accumulating the profound spiritual requirements of the Chinese nation is a never-ending driver for the Chinese nation to multiply endlessly, to unite and to advance, it is a profound basis for developing socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. To promote the grand development and grand flourishing of socialist culture, we must forcefully carry forward excellent Chinese cultural traditions, forcefully carry forward the revolutionary cultural tradition shaped since the May 4th movement, forcefully carry forward a range of new ideologies, new ideas and new trends shaped in the cultural sphere since reform and opening up, base ourselves on the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, develop advanced socialist culture; we must with an even more wide vision and even more erudite minds treat foreign culture, vigorously participate in international cultural exchange and cooperation, study and learn from all useful experience and outstanding achievements beneficial to our country’s cultural reform and development.

To persist in the development path of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, we must persist in grasping public interest culture undertakings with one hand, and grasp cultural industries with one hand, promote the complete integration and sustainable development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries. Developing public interest culture undertakings is a basic channel to guarantee the people’s basic cultural rights and interest under the socialist system, and is a systemic guarantee to realize that cultural development achievements are jointly constructed and jointly enjoyed by the people. Developing cultural industries is an important channel to satisfy the people’s diverse spiritual culture requirements under the conditions of a socialist market economy, and is a necessary requirement to fully give rein to the vigorous function of the market in cultural resource allocation and to arouse the cultural creative vitality of the entire society. To promote the grand development and grand flourishing of socialist culture, we must scientifically determine the people’s basic cultural rights and interest, and diverse spiritual culture requirements, completely grasp the responsibilities and functions of government and market in cultural construction, promote the shaping of a work structure of grasping cultural undertakings and cultural industries with two hands, and strengthening both hands; we must according to the requirements of public interest, essence, equality and convenience, take government as the lead, take public finance as the pillar, take public interest cultural work units as backbone, take the entire people as a service target, take guaranteeing the people’s basic cultural rights and interests as the main content, encourage the entire society to vigorously participate, forcefully develop public interest cultural undertakings; we must strive to foster a batch of powerful and competitive backbone cultural enterprises, raise our country’s comprehensive cultural industry strength and competitiveness, shape a cultural industry structure with public ownership at the core, jointly developing with many kinds of ownership. Regardless of developing public interest-type cultural undertakings or developing cultural industries, all must persist in the progressive orientation of advanced socialist culture, correctly handle the relationship between social interest and economic interest, completely put social interest first.

Third, with a spirit of reform and innovation, implementing all tasks put forward by the plenary meeting well. The plenary meeting has made a complete deployment to move forward cultural reform and development under new circumstances, and has put forward a series of new tasks, new measures and new requirements, all localities and all departments must plan considering all factors, base themselves on reality, in a planned way divide tasks and implement them, and must both completely implement tasks and focus on prominent matters, the most important is that they must closely revolve around the “Four Withs” in the guiding ideology decided by the plenary meeting concerning moving forward cultural reform, grasp and implement this well.

Persisting in taking scientific development as the core. Scientific development is the clear core of Party and State work, and is also the clear core of cultural reform and development. We must consciously penetrate all aspects of cultural reform and development with the requirements of scientific development, closely integrate the reality of cultural reform and development, strive to transform cultural development methods, raise cultural development quality and efficiency, incessantly raise the scientific level of cultural development. We must persist in taking people at the core, sticking close to reality, sticking close to life and sticking close to the masses, guarantee all cultural rights and interest of the people, stimulate the complete development of people. We must persist in completely coordinating and developing sustainably, strive to resolve prominent problems influencing the scientific development of culture, coordinate well all spheres and all segments of cultural reform and development, stimulate culture to continue to accelerate healthy development. We must persist in planning considering all factors, correctly understand and appropriately handle the important relations of cultural reform and development, wholly plan all work items of cultural reform and development, perfect cultural deployment, cultural structures, cultural resource allocation, stimulate the integrated development of town and country and regional culture, promote cultural resources to be tilted towards the countryside and the grass-roots, to be tilted towards old revolutionary regions, ethnic regions, border regions and poor regions, incessantly strengthen the aftermath of cultural development, realize that culture develops both well and quickly.

Persisting in taking the construction of a core socialist value system as a basic task. The socialist core value system is originated from excellent national culture and advanced socialist culture and has developed by absorbing the civilization achievements of humankind, and is a lead and guide for our country’s socialist culture. To promote the grand development and grand flourishing of socialist culture, we must closely grasp this basis of constructing a socialist core value system. We must persist in using the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics to arm the entire Party, educate the people, forcefully move forward the Sinicization, modernization and popularization of Marxism, use developing Marxism to guide new practice. We must persist in taking education in ideals and beliefs as the focus point, guide the broad cadres and masses in incessantly strengthening and persisting in the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, a consciousness and firmness in the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. We must broadly launch propaganda and education on national spirit and the spirit of the times, and the socialist view of glory and dishonour, deepen mass-type spiritual civilization construction activities, strengthen ideological and moral construction, construct harmonious culture, foster civilized tendencies, We must launch study and education concerning the socialist core value system deeply in the entire Party, merge the socialist core value system into compulsory education, spiritual civilization construction and the entire process of party construction, penetrating all spheres of reform and opening up, and socialist modernization and construction, reflecting into all aspects of spiritual culture product creation, production and dissemination. Constructing a socialist core value system is not the work of a single day, but is an important task facing us, and is also a long-term strategic task, we must make it truly become a universal understanding in the entire Party and society through unremitting and persevering efforts, to transform it into a conscious action by the broad cadres and masses.

Persisting in taking satisfying the people’s spiritual culture requirements as starting point and stopover point. To satisfy the people’s requirements concerning realizing their cultural rights and interests and enriching their spiritual culture life, we must forcefully make cultural creation flourish, enrich the masses’ cultural life, raise the people’s cultural life quality, We must expand input strength into small-town and grass-roots cultural construction, deeply implement focus culture projects benefiting the people, accelerate basic public culture infrastructure construction. We must strengthen cultural creation and production guidance, guide cultural workers to persist in the correct cultural standpoint, carry forward the true, the good and the beautiful, denounce the false, the evil and the ugly, merge academic exploration and artistic creation into the undertaking of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, create and produce outstanding literature and art products unifying ideology, artistry and enjoyability, that the people love to see or hear. We must develop health and upward network culture, make the Internet and other burgeoning media truly become a new battleground for advanced socialist culture, a new platform for public cultural services, a new space for the people’s spiritual culture. We must organize and launch cultural activities that the masses like to participate in, and that are convenient to participate in, guide the masses in self-expression, self-education and self-service in cultural construction, rely on the wisdom and strength of the masses to promote cultural flourishing and development.

Persisting in taking reform and innovation as drivers. Only by deepening cultural structural reform and innovating cultural content and forms, is it possible to incessantly liberate and develop cultural productive forces, and incessantly provide strong drivers for the grand development and grand flourishing of socialist culture. We must revolve around constructing systems and mechanisms full of vitality, rich in efficiency, that are even more open and are beneficial to cultural scientific development, strive to obtain new headway in focus areas and key segments, do away with systemic and mechanistic obstacles that restrict cultural development. We must deepen public interest-type cultural work unit reform, deepen State-owned commercial cultural work unit reform, deepen cultural management structural reform, and incessantly raise public interest-type work unit capacity and level of service to the masses. We must raise cultural industry upscaling, intensification and specialization levels, optimize cultural industry structures, stimulate the integrated development of culture, science and technology, promote the cultural industries to become backbone industries in the national economy. We must revolve around raising the international influence and competitiveness of Chinese culture, vigorously expand into international cultural markets, innovate methods for culture to march out, incessantly raise national cultural soft power.

All levels’ Party Committees and Governments must put cultural construction into an important position in overall work, bring it into general planning for economic and social development, research and deploy, organize and implement, supervise and examine matters together with economic and social development. We must earnestly develop investigation and research, summarize experience, discover problems, formulate implementation opinions by integrating reality, clarify work responsibilities, put forward concrete requirements, guarantee that the objectives, tasks and policy measures put forward by the plenary meeting are substantially implemented. We must bring cultural reform and development results into the scientific development appraisal and evaluation system, and make it into an important basis to evaluate the work achievements of leading ranks and leading cadres. We must put cultural talent team construction in an even more refinement position, strive to expand fostering strength for young talent, high-level talent, and compound talent, strive to train a batch of influential cultural personalities, cultural masters and leading personalities in all spheres, construct great cultural talent teams. We must deeply do intellectual work well, fully muster the vigour and creativity of broad intellectuals, unite the broad intellectuals closely inside the vicinity of the Party. In short, the entire Party must implement the spirit of the plenary meeting well, and do all it can to initiate a new dimension in socialist culture construction in the process of completely constructing a relatively well-off society and on the scientific development path.

(This is a part of the speech of Comrade Hu Jintao at the Second Plenary Meeting of the Sixth Plenum of the 17th Central Committee.)

坚定不移走中国特色社会主义文化发展道路
努力建设社会主义文化强国

（2011年10月18日）
胡锦涛

文化建设是中国特色社会主义事业总体布局的重要组成部分，文化繁荣发展是全面建设小康社会的重要目标。全会通过的决定，全面总结党领导文化建设的成就和经验，深刻分析文化建设面临的形势和任务，在集中全党智慧的基础上，阐述了中国特色社会主义文化发展道路，确立了建设社会主义文化强国的战略目标，提出了新形势下推进文化改革发展的指导思想、重要方针、目标任务、政策举措，是当前和今后一个时期指导我国文化改革发展的纲领性文件。全党要认真学习、深刻领会，共同把全会精神落到实处，为实现全会提出的目标任务而奋斗。

第一，深刻认识推进文化改革发展的重要性和紧迫性。充分发挥先进文化引领前进方向、凝聚奋斗力量、推动事业发展的作用，是我们党的一条宝贵经验和一大政治优势。在革命、建设、改革各个历史时期，我们党都结合时代条件、围绕党的中心任务提出文化纲领、文化目标、文化政策，坚持不懈推进文化建设，有力推动了党和人民事业发展。经过改革开放以来的不懈努力，我们走出了中国特色社会主义文化发展道路，显著提高了全民族思想道德素质和科学文化素质、促进了人的全面发展，显著增强了国家文化软实力，为坚持和发展中国特色社会主义提供了强大精神力量，为进一步兴起社会主义文化建设新高潮奠定了坚实基础、积累了宝贵经验。

当今世界正处在大发展大变革大调整时期，当代中国正在新的历史起点上向着新的奋斗目标迈进，文化的作用更加广泛而深刻。从国际看，综合国力竞争的一个显著特点就是文化的地位和作用更加凸显，许多国家特别是主要大国都把提高文化软实力作为增强国家核心竞争力的重要战略。在世界范围内各种思想文化交流交融交锋更加频繁的背景下，谁占据了文化发展制高点，谁拥有了强大文化软实力，谁就能够在激烈的国际竞争中赢得主动。同时，我们必须清醒地看到，国际敌对势力正在加紧对我国实施西化、分化战略图谋，思想文化领域是他们进行长期渗透的重点领域。我们要深刻认识意识形态领域斗争的严重性和复杂性，警钟长鸣、警惕长存，采取有力措施加以防范和应对。从国内看，经过新中国成立以来特别是改革开放30多年来的发展，我国经济实力和综合国力显著增强，但我国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变，人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾这一社会主要矛盾没有变。我国已经进入全面建设小康社会的关键时期和深化改革开放、加快转变经济发展方式的攻坚时期，文化越来越成为民族凝聚力和创造力的重要源泉、越来越成为综合国力竞争的重要因素、越来越成为经济社会发展的重要支撑，丰富精神文化生活越来越成为我国人民的热切愿望。从我国文化建设自身看，文化领域正在发生广泛而深刻的变革，文化发展取得了巨大成就，但总体而言，文化发展同经济社会发展和人民日益增长的精神文化需求还不完全适应，束缚文化生产力发展的体制机制问题尚未根本解决，文化在引领风尚、教育人民、服务社会、推动发展等方面的作用还没有得到充分发挥，我国文化整体实力和国际影响力与我国国际地位还不相称，“西强我弱”的国际文化和舆论格局尚未根本扭转。在理想信念教育、思想道德建设、诚信建设、文艺创作、公共文化服务、文化产业发展、农村文化发展、流动人口文化生活、网络建设和管理、推动中华文化走出去等方面都还存在不少突出矛盾和问题，必须抓紧加以解决。

总之，抓住和用好我国发展的重要战略机遇期，在新的历史起点上深化文化体制改革、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣，关系实现全面建设小康社会奋斗目标，关系坚持和发展中国特色社会主义，关系实现中华民族伟大复兴。全会提出了推进文化改革发展的指导思想，强调要全面贯彻党的十七大精神，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向，以科学发展为主题，以建设社会主义核心价值体系为根本任务，以满足人民精神文化需求为出发点和落脚点，以改革创新为动力，发展面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的，民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化，培养高度的文化自觉和文化自信，提高全民族文明素质，增强国家文化软实力，弘扬中华文化，努力建设社会主义文化强国。全党要深刻领会和全面贯彻这一指导思想，在坚持以经济建设为中心的同时，自觉把文化繁荣发展作为坚持发展是硬道理、发展是党执政兴国第一要务的重要内容，作为深入贯彻落实科学发展观的一个基本要求，进一步推动文化建设与经济建设、政治建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设协调发展，为继续解放思想、坚持改革开放、推动科学发展、促进社会和谐提供坚强思想保证、强大精神动力、有力舆论支持、良好文化条件。

第二，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义文化发展道路。中国特色社会主义文化发展道路内涵丰富，具体体现在全会决定提出的指导思想、重要方针、目标任务、政策举措之中，要全面领会、全面贯彻。这里，我想强调几个问题。

坚持中国特色社会主义文化发展道路，必须坚持以马克思主义为指导，坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向。坚持以马克思主义为指导、以社会主义先进文化为引领，是中国特色社会主义文化最鲜明的特征，也是事关文化改革发展全局的根本问题。只有坚持以马克思主义为指导、以社会主义先进文化为引领，才能打牢中国特色社会主义文化发展的根基。在社会主义市场经济日益发展和对外开放不断扩大的形势下，我国社会思想更加多样、社会价值更加多元、社会思潮更加多变，坚持以马克思主义为指导、以社会主义先进文化为引领的重要性和紧迫性更加凸显。推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣，必须坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位，为文化建设提供有力理论指导，确保文化改革发展始终沿着正确道路前进；必须坚持把马克思主义理论特别是中国特色社会主义理论体系应用于文化改革发展各个领域，不断丰富和发展具有中国特色、符合时代发展要求的文化建设理论，使我国文化各方面发展建立在深厚理论基础之上；必须坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务的方向和百花齐放、百家争鸣的方针，正确处理弘扬主旋律和提倡多样化的关系、教育人民和满足人民多样化精神文化需求的关系、把社会效益放在首位和提高经济效益的关系，有效引领社会思潮，有力抵制各种错误和腐朽思想影响，不断巩固和壮大社会主义主流思想文化。

坚持中国特色社会主义文化发展道路，必须发挥人民在文化建设中的主体作用，坚持文化发展为了人民、文化发展依靠人民、文化发展成果由人民共享。为了谁、依靠谁是我们推进文化改革发展的根本问题，决定着社会主义文化的性质和方向。中国特色社会主义文化是人民共建共享的文化，人民是推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣最深厚的力量源泉。坚持这一点，是我国社会主义制度的本质要求，也是我们党立党为公、执政为民理念的重要体现。推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣，必须坚持以人为本，以满足人民精神文化需求、促进人的全面发展为根本目的，不断提高全民族思想道德素质和科学文化素质，培育有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的社会主义公民；必须贯彻党的群众路线，尊重人民主体地位和首创精神，使全社会文化创造活力竞相迸发；必须坚持以人民为中心的创作导向，关心人民命运，体察人民愿望，反映人民心声，在人民伟大创造中汲取营养，把最好的精神食粮奉献给人民；必须坚持面向基层、面向群众，把满足人民基本文化需求作为社会主义文化建设的基本任务，鼓励创作生产更多受到群众欢迎的文化产品，让文化发展成果惠及全体人民。

坚持中国特色社会主义文化发展道路，必须继承和发扬中华优秀文化传统，大力弘扬中华文化，建设中华民族共有精神家园。中华文化源远流长、博大精深，积淀着中华民族的深厚精神追求，是中华民族生生不息、团结奋进的不竭动力，是发展中国特色社会主义文化的深厚基础。推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣，必须大力弘扬中华优秀文化传统，大力弘扬五四运动以来形成的革命文化传统，大力弘扬改革开放以来文化领域形成的一系列新思想新观念新风尚，立足中国特色社会主义伟大实践，发展社会主义先进文化；必须以更加开阔的视野、更加博大的胸怀对待外来文化，积极参与国际文化交流合作，学习借鉴一切有利于我国文化改革发展的有益经验和优秀成果。

坚持中国特色社会主义文化发展道路，必须坚持一手抓公益性文化事业、一手抓文化产业，推动文化事业和文化产业全面协调可持续发展。发展公益性文化事业是社会主义制度下保障人民基本文化权益的基本途径，是实现文化发展成果由人民共建共享的制度保障。发展文化产业是社会主义市场经济条件下满足人民多样化精神文化需求的重要途径，是充分发挥市场在文化资源配置中的积极作用、激发全社会文化创造活力的必然要求。推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣，必须科学界定人民的基本文化权益和多样化精神文化需求，全面把握政府和市场在文化建设中的职责和功能，推动形成文化事业和文化产业两手抓、两加强的工作格局；必须按照公益性、基本性、均等性、便利性的要求，以政府为主导，以公共财政为支撑，以公益性文化单位为骨干，以全体人民为服务对象，以保障人民基本文化权益为主要内容，鼓励全社会积极参与，大力发展公益性文化事业；必须着力培育一批有实力、有竞争力的骨干文化企业，提高我国文化产业整体实力和竞争力，形成公有制为主体、多种所有制共同发展的文化产业格局。无论发展公益性文化事业还是发展文化产业，都要坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向，正确处理社会效益和经济效益的关系，始终把社会效益放在首位。

第三，以改革创新精神落实好全会提出的各项任务。全会对新形势下推进文化改革发展作出全面部署，提出一系列新任务新举措新要求，各地区各部门要统筹兼顾、立足实际，有计划分步骤加以落实，既要全面贯彻又要突出重点，最重要的是要紧紧围绕全会决定关于推进文化改革发展指导思想中的“四个以”来抓好落实。

坚持以科学发展为主题。科学发展是党和国家工作的鲜明主题，也是文化改革发展的鲜明主题。要自觉把科学发展要求贯穿文化改革发展各个方面，紧密结合文化改革发展实际，着力转变文化发展方式，提高文化发展质量和效益，不断提高文化发展科学化水平。要坚持以人为本，贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众，保障人民各项文化权益，促进人的全面发展。要坚持全面协调可持续发展，着力解决影响文化科学发展的突出问题，协调好文化改革发展各个领域和各个环节，促进文化持续快速健康发展。要坚持统筹兼顾，正确认识和妥善处理文化改革发展重大关系，统筹文化改革发展各项工作，完善文化布局、文化结构、文化资源配置，促进城乡、区域文化一体化发展，推动文化资源向农村、基层倾斜，向革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区倾斜，不断增强文化发展后劲，实现文化又好又快发展。

坚持以建设社会主义核心价值体系为根本任务。社会主义核心价值体系是根源于民族优秀文化和社会主义先进文化并吸收人类文明成果发展起来的，是我国社会主义文化的引领和主导。推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣，必须紧紧抓住社会主义核心价值体系建设这个根本。要坚持用中国特色社会主义理论体系武装全党、教育人民，大力推进马克思主义中国化时代化大众化，用发展着的马克思主义指导新的实践。要坚持以理想信念教育为重点，引导广大干部群众不断增强坚持中国特色社会主义道路、中国特色社会主义理论体系、中国特色社会主义制度的自觉性和坚定性。要广泛开展民族精神和时代精神、社会主义荣辱观宣传教育，深化群众性精神文明创建活动，加强思想道德建设，建设和谐文化，培育文明风尚。要在全党深入开展社会主义核心价值体系学习教育，把社会主义核心价值体系融入国民教育、精神文明建设和党的建设全过程，贯穿改革开放和社会主义现代化建设各领域，体现到精神文化产品创作生产传播各方面。建设社会主义核心价值体系非一日之功，既是当前的紧迫任务，又是长期的战略任务，必须通过坚持不懈、持之以恒的努力，使之真正成为全党全社会的普遍共识，转化为广大干部群众的自觉行动。

坚持以满足人民精神文化需求为出发点和落脚点。满足人民对实现自身文化权益和丰富自身精神文化生活的要求，必须大力繁荣文化创作，丰富群众文化生活，提高人民文化生活质量。要加大对城乡基层文化建设投入力度，深入实施重点文化惠民工程，加快公共文化基础设施建设。要加强文化创作生产引导，引导文化工作者坚持正确文化立场，弘扬真善美，贬斥假恶丑，把学术探索和艺术创作融入实现中华民族伟大复兴的事业之中，创作生产出思想性艺术性观赏性相统一、人民喜闻乐见的优秀文艺作品。要发展健康向上的网络文化，使互联网等新兴媒体真正成为社会主义先进文化新阵地、公共文化服务新平台、人民精神文化新空间。要组织开展群众乐于参与、便于参与的文化活动，引导群众在文化建设中自我表现、自我教育、自我服务，依靠人民的智慧和力量推动文化繁荣发展。

坚持以改革创新为动力。只有深化文化体制改革，创新文化内容和形式，才能不断解放和发展文化生产力，不断为推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣提供强大动力。要围绕构建充满活力、富有效率、更加开放、有利于文化科学发展的体制机制，努力在重点领域和关键环节取得新进展，破除制约文化发展的体制机制障碍。要深化公益性文化单位改革，深化国有经营性文化单位改革，深化文化管理体制改革，加快政府职能转变，加强文化法制建设。要加快构建公共文化服务体系，创新公共文化服务运行机制，不断提高公益性文化单位服务群众能力和水平。要提高文化产业规模化、集约化、专业化水平，优化文化产业结构，促进文化和科技融合发展，推动文化产业成为国民经济支柱性产业。要围绕提高中华文化国际影响力和竞争力，积极开拓国际文化市场，创新文化走出去模式，不断提高国家文化软实力。

各级党委和政府要把文化建设摆在全局工作重要位置，纳入经济社会发展总体规划，与经济社会发展一同研究部署、一同组织实施、一同督促检查。要认真开展调查研究，总结经验，发现问题，结合实际制定贯彻落实意见，明确工作责任，提出具体要求，确保全会提出的目标任务和政策举措落到实处。要把文化改革发展成效纳入科学发展考核评价体系，作为衡量领导班子和领导干部工作业绩的重要依据。要把文化人才队伍建设摆在更加突出的位置，着力加大对年轻人才、高层次人才、复合型人才的培养力度，努力造就一批有影响的文化名家、文化大师和各领域领军人物，建设宏大文化人才队伍。要深入做好知识分子工作，充分调动广大知识分子的积极性和创造性，把广大知识分子紧紧团结在党的周围。总之，全党要贯彻落实好全会精神，在全面建设小康社会进程中、在科学发展道路上奋力开创社会主义文化建设新局面。

（这是胡锦涛同志在党的十七届六中全会第二次全体会议上讲话的一部分。）

All provincial, autonomous region and municipal People’s Governments, all State Council ministries and commissions, all directly subordinate organs:

According to the requirements of the “State Council Secretariat Notice Concerning Issuing the Three-Network Integration Trial Plan” (GBF No. (2010)35), on the basis of the voluntary applications of provincial (regional, municipal) People’s Governments, according to the conditions that trial regions (cities) shall have, with the approval of the State Council, the name list of the second phase of the three-network integration trial is fixed, and is hereby issues, relevant provincial (regional, municipal) People’s Governments and relevant State Council departments are requested to earnestly organize trial work.

State Council Secretariat

30 December 2011

Name List of the Second Phase Three Network Integration Trial Regions (Cities)

I: Provincial-level municipalities (2)

Tianjin, Chongqing

II, Plan-listed cities (1)

Ningbo (Zhejiang)

III, Provincial capital and prefectural cities (22)

Shijiazhuang (Hebei), Taiyuan (Shanxi), Hohhot (Inner Mongolia AR), Shenyang (Liaoning), Changchun (Jilin), Hefei (Anhui), Fuzhou (Fujian), Nanchang (Jiangxi), Jinan (Shandong), Zhengzhou (Henan), Guangzhou (Guangdong), Nanning (Guangxi Zhuang AR), Haikou (Hainan), Chengdu (Sichuan), Guiyang (Guizhou), Kunming (Yunnan), Lhasa (Tibet AR), Xi’an (Shaanxi), Lanzhou (Gansu), Xining (Qinghai), Yinchuan (Ningxia Hui AR), Urumqi (Xinjiang Uyghur AR).

IV, Other cities (17)

Yangzhou, Taizhou, Nantong, Zhenjiang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou (Jiangsu), Xiaogan, Huanggang, Ezhou, Huangshi, Xianning, Xiantao, Tianmen, Qianjiang (Hebei), Foshan, Yunfu (Guangdong).

国务院办公厅关于印发三网融合第二阶段试点地区（城市）名单的通知
国办函 〔2011〕 164 号

各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构：

根据《国务院办公厅关于印发三网融合试点方案的通知》（国办发〔2010〕35号）要求，在省(区、市)人民政府自愿申报的基础上，按照试点地区（城市）应具备的条件，经国务院同意，确定了三网融合第二阶段试点地区（城市）名单，现予以印发，请有关省(区、市)人民政府和国务院有关部门认真组织好试点工作。

国务院办公厅
二○一一年十二月三十日

三网融合第二阶段试点地区（城市）名单

一、直辖市（2个）
    天津市、重庆市。
二、计划单列市（1个）
    浙江省宁波市。
三、省会、首府城市（22个）
    河北省石家庄市、山西省太原市、内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市、辽宁省沈阳市、吉林省长春市、安徽省合肥市、福建省福州市、江西省南昌市、山东省济南市、河南省郑州市、广东省广州市、广西壮族自治区南宁市、海南省海口市、四川省成都市、贵州省贵阳市、云南省昆明市、西藏自治区拉萨市、陕西省西安市、甘肃省兰州市、青海省西宁市、宁夏回族自治区银川市、新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市。
四、其他城市（17个）
    江苏省扬州市、泰州市、南通市、镇江市、常州市、无锡市、苏州市，湖北省孝感市、黄冈市、鄂州市、黄石市、咸宁市、仙桃市、天门市、潜江市，广东省佛山市、云浮市。

Some Beijing Municipal Provisions on Microblog Development and Management

Article 1: In order to standardize microblog service development and management, safeguard network dissemination order, guarantee information safety, guarantee the lawful rights and interests of Internet information service work units and microblog users, satisfy the public’s requirements concerning Internet information and stimulate the healthy and orderly development of the Internet, according to laws, regulations and rules such as the “Telecommunications Regulations of the People’s Republic of China”, the “Internet Information Service Management Rules”, etc., and integrating the real situation of this municipality, these Provisions are formulated.

Article 2: Websites launching microblog services as well as microblog users within the administrative area of this municipality, shall obey these Provisions.

Article 3: Development and management of microblogs in this municipality persists in the principles of positive use, scientific development, management according to the law and guaranteeing safety, stimulates the construction and application of microblogs and gives free rein to the positive function of microblog services in society.

Article 4:Websites launching microblog services shall abide by the Constitution, laws, regulations and rules, persist in honest web business and civilized web business, positively disseminate the Socialist core value system, disseminate advanced Socialist culture and serve the construction of Socialism and the harmonious society.

Article 5: This municipality formulates microblog service development plans, and provides for total quantities, structure and distribution of microblog service websites.

Article 6: Websites launching microblog services within the administrative area of this municipality, shall before applying for a telecommunications business permit or implementing non-commercial Internet information service filing procedures, put forward an application with the municipal controlling authority for Internet information content, and go through examination and approval.

Article 7: Websites launching microblog services, shall abide by relevant laws, regulations, rules and the following provisions:

(1) establishing and perfecting microblog information safety management systems;

(2) according to the quantity of users and quantity of information of microblogs, determine organs to be responsible for information safety, and allocate personnel having corresponding expertise, knowledge and skills;

(3) implementing technological safety protection measures;

(4) establishing and completing user information safety management systems, guaranteeing the information safety of users, it is strictly prohibited to divulge users’ information;

(5) establishing and completing false information discovery systems, and timely publishing true information;

(6) information links may not be provided to websites not having a telecommunications business permit or not having implemented non-commercial Internet information service filing;

(7) false microblog users may not be created;

(8) preventing or restricting users’ disseminating harmful information, where activities constituting a violation of public order are discovered, or suspected crimes are discovered, timely reporting these to Public Security organs;

(9) assisting or cooperating with relevant entities carrying out their management work.

Article 8: Websites launching microblog services shall establish and complete information content examination and verification systems, and conduct supervision over microblog information content production, reproduction, publication and dissemination.

Article 9: Any organization or individual registering for a microblog account, who produces, reproduces, publishes or disseminates information content, shall use their true identity information, and may not conduct registration using a false or borrowed citizen’s identity information, company registration information, or organization code information.

Websites launching microblog services shall guarantee the authenticity of users’ registration information as provided in the previous Item.

Article 10: No organization or individual may unlawfully use microblogs to produce, reproduce, publish or disseminate information having the following content:

(1) content violating the basic principles determined in the Constitution;

(2) content endangering national security, divulging State secrets, subverting the national regime or destroying national unity;

(3) content harming State honour or interest;

(4) content inciting ethnic hatred or ethnic discrimination, destroying ethnic unity;

(5) content destroying State religious policies, propagating heresy and feudal superstitions;

(6) content disseminating rumours, disordering social order, destroying social stability;

(7) content disseminating obscenity, pornography, gambling, violence, terror or instigating crime;

(8) content insulting or slandering others, violating others’ lawful rights and interests;

(9) inciting illegal assemblies, associations, demonstrations, marches, mobs or disordering social order;

(10) content using the name of illegal non-governmental organizations;

(11) other content prohibited by laws and administrative regulations.

Article 11: The Municipal People’s Government press and publication management entity, municipal public security organ, municipal telecommunications management entity and Internet information content controlling authority each conduct work corresponding to microblog development and management according to their duties.

Article 12: Sector organizations such as the Network Media Association, Network Sector Association, the Telecommunications Sector Associations, etc, shall establish and complete microblog sector self-regulation systems, guide websites in establishing and completing microblog service standards, and conduct education and training of professionals website staff.

Article 13: Any organization or individual may report activities violating these Provisions to the Municipal People’s Government press and publication management entity, municipal public security organ, municipal telecommunications management entity or Internet information content controlling authority, the entity accepting the report shall timely deal with it according to the law.

Article 14: Websites and microblog users violating these Provisions will be subject to punishment by the Municipal People’s Government press and publication management entity, municipal public security organ, municipal telecommunications management entity or Internet information content controlling authority according to relevant laws, regulations and rules.

Article 15: Websites already operating microblog services before the promulgation of these Provisions, shall within three months of the date of promulgation of these Provisions conduct relevant formalities with the Internet information content controlling authority, and conduct standardization of their present users.

Article 16: These Regulations take effect on the date of promulgation.

　　北京市微博客发展管理若干规定

北京市人民政府新闻办公室、北京市公安局、北京市通信管理局、北京市互联网信息办公室制定了《北京市微博客发展管理若干规定》，于2011年12月16日公布，并自公布之日起施行。

北京市微博客发展管理若干规定

第一条 为了规范微博客服务的发展管理，维护网络传播秩序，保障信息安全，保护互联网信息服务单位和微博客用户的合法权益，满足公众对互联网信息的需求，促进互联网健康有序发展，根据《中华人民共和国电信条例》、《互联网信息服务管理办法》等法律、法规、规章，结合本市实际情况，制定本规定。

第二条 本市行政区域内的网站开展微博客服务及其微博客用户，应当遵守本规定。

第三条 本市微博客发展管理坚持积极利用、科学发展、依法管理、确保安全的原则，促进微博客的建设、运用,发挥微博客服务社会的积极作用。

第四条 网站开展微博客服务，应当遵守宪法、法律、法规、规章，坚持诚信办网、文明办网，积极传播社会主义核心价值体系，传播社会主义先进文化，为构建社会主义和谐社会服务。

第五条 本市制定微博客服务发展规划，规定开展微博客服务网站的总量、结构和布局。

第六条 本市行政区域内网站开展微博客服务，应当在申请电信业务经营许可或者履行非经营性互联网信息服务备案手续前，依法向市互联网信息内容主管部门提出申请，并经审核同意。

第七条 开展微博客服务的网站，应当遵守有关法律、法规、规章和下列规定：

(一)建立健全微博客信息安全管理制度;

(二)根据微博客用户数量和信息量，确定负责信息安全的机构，配备具有相应专业知识和技能的人员;

(三)落实技术安全防控措施;

(四)建立健全用户信息安全管理制度，保障用户信息安全，严禁泄露用户信息;

(五)建立健全虚假信息揭露制度，及时公布真实信息;

(六)不得向未经电信业务经营许可或者未履行非经营性互联网信息服务备案的网站提供信息接口;

(七)不得制造虚假的微博客用户;

(八)对传播有害信息的用户予以制止、限制，发现构成违反治安管理行为，或者发现涉嫌犯罪的，及时向公安机关报告;

(九)协助、配合有关部门开展管理工作。

第八条 开展微博客服务的网站，应当建立健全信息内容审核制度，对微博客信息内容的制作、复制、发布、传播进行监管。

第九条 任何组织或者个人注册微博客账号，制作、复制、发布、传播信息内容的，应当使用真实身份信息，不得以虚假、冒用的居民身份信息、企业注册信息、组织机构代码信息进行注册。

网站开展微博客服务，应当保证前款规定的注册用户信息真实。

第十条 任何组织或者个人不得违法利用微博客制作、复制、发布、传播含有下列内容的信息：

(一)违反宪法确定的基本原则的;

(二)危害国家安全，泄露国家秘密，颠覆国家政权，破坏国家统一的;

(三)损害国家荣誉和利益的;

(四)煽动民族仇恨、民族歧视，破坏民族团结的;

(五)破坏国家宗教政策，宣扬邪教和封建迷信的;

(六)散布谣言，扰乱社会秩序，破坏社会稳定的;

(七)散布淫秽、色情、赌博、暴力、恐怖或者教唆犯罪的;

(八)侮辱或者诽谤他人，侵害他人合法权益的;

(九)煽动非法集会、结社、游行、示威、聚众扰乱社会秩序的;

(十)以非法民间组织名义活动的;

(十一)含有法律、行政法规禁止的其他内容的。

第十一条 市人民政府新闻管理部门、市公安机关、市通信管理部门、市互联网信息内容主管部门按照各自职责，做好微博客发展管理的相关工作。

第十二条 网络媒体协会、网络行业协会、通信行业协会等行业组织应当建立健全微博客行业自律制度，指导网站建立健全微博客服务规范，并对网站从业人员进行培训教育。

第十三条 对违反本规定的行为，任何组织和个人都可以向市人民政府新闻管理部门、市公安机关、市通信管理部门、市互联网信息内容主管部门举报，接到举报的部门应当及时依法处理。

第十四条 对违反本规定的网站和微博客用户，由市人民政府新闻管理部门、市公安机关、市通信管理部门、市互联网信息内容主管部门按照有关法律、法规、规章进行处理。

第十五条 本规定公布前已开展微博客服务的网站，应当自本规定公布之日起三个月内依照本规定向市互联网信息内容主管部门申办有关手续，并对现有用户进行规范。

第十六条 本规定自公布之日起施行。