CCP General Office and State Council General Office Opinions concerning Strengthening the Construction of New Types of Think Tanks with Chinese Characteristics

In order to deeply implement the spirit of the 18th Party Congress and the 3rd and 4th Plenums of the 18th Party Congress, strengthen the construction of new types of think tanks with Chinese characteristics and establish and complete a policymaking consultancy system, the following Opinion is formulated.

I, Major significance

(1) New kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics are an important support for scientific, democratic and lawful policymaking by the Party and the government. A policymaking consultancy system is an important content of the construction of our country’s Socialist democratic politics. Our Party has always given high regard to policymaking consultancy wok. Since reform and opening up, our country’s think tank construction undertaking has developed rapidly, providing powerful intelligence support to Party and government policymaking. At present, the comprehensive construction of a moderately prosperous society has entered a decisive stage, analysing and explaining difficult questions of reform, development and stability and responding to global issues is complex and difficult without precedent, this urgently requires the completion of a policymaking support system with Chinese characteristics, the forceful strengthening of think tank construction, the support of scientific policymaking through scientific consulting, and the guidance of scientific development through scientific policymaking.

(2) New kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics are an important content of the state governance structure and the modernization of governance capacity. When looking at the modernization and development history of various countries in the present world, think tanks have played an increasingly important role in national governance, they are becoming an increasingly indispensable component part of national governance every day, and are an important embodiment of national governance capacity. In order to comprehensively deepen reform, perfect and develop the Socialist system with Chinese characteristics, move forward the modernization of the national governance structure and governance capacity, promote the development of the broad and multi-level institutionalization of a consultative democracy, establish an ever more mature and ever more standardized institutional system, we must realistically strengthen the construction of new kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics, and fully give rein to the important role of think tanks on governing and administration.

(3) New kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics are an important component part of national soft power. The development progress of a large country on the one hand is a process of expansion in the economy and other such hard areas, and is a process of expansion in ideology, culture and other such soft power. Think tanks are an important carrier of national soft power, they are becoming and increasingly important factor in international competition, and have an irreplaceable role in international relations. To establish a fine image of Socialist China, promote Chinese culture and contemporary China’s value view to march towards the world, send China’s voice out on the international stage, it is urgently necessary to give rein to the important role of new kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics in public diplomacy and mutual cultural learning, and incessantly strengthen our country’s international influence and international discourse power.

Intelligence resources are the most precious resources of a country and a nation. In recent years, our country’s think tanks have developed rapidly, gaining great achievements in the areas of producing ideas, producing results and producing talent, they have made important contributions to promoting reform, opening up and Socialist modernization construction. At the same time, following the development of circumstances, the problem that think tank construction cannot catch up and is unsuitable is also becoming ever more prominent, which mainly manifests itself as: the important position of think tanks has not been given universal regard, there is a lack of high-quality think tanks with a relatively large influence and international fame, insufficiently many high-quality research achievements are provided, there is a lack of institutionalized arrangement for participation in policymaking consulting, think tank construction lacks overall planning, resource allocation is insufficiently scientific, organizational forms and management methods urgently need to be innovated, and there is a lack of leading personalities and outstanding talents. To resolve these problems, we must, from the strategic height of the entire picture of developing the undertaking of the Party and the country, build new kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics into a major and urgent task, adopt powerful measures, and realistically grasp the matter well.

II, Guiding ideology, basic principles and general objectives

(4) Guiding ideology. Deeply implement the spirit of the 18th Party Congress and the 3rd and 4th Plenums of the 18th Party Congress, hold high the magnificent banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, persist in taking Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important “Three Represents” thought and the scientific development view as guidance, deeply implement the spirit of the important series of speeches by General Secretary Xi Jinping, take serving Party and government policymaking as purpose, take policy research and consultancy as the main direction of attack, take perfecting organizational forms and management methods as focus point, take reform and innovation as driver, strive to build new kinds of think tank systems with Chinese characteristics geared towards modernization, towards the world and towards the future, serve the bigger picture of Party and state work even better, and provide intelligence support for the realization of the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

(5) Basic principles

– Persist in Party leadership, grasp the correct orientation. Persist in Party management of think tanks, persist in the Socialist orientation with Chinese characteristics, respect the State constitution, laws and regulations, make safeguarding the national interest and the people’s interest into a starting point from beginning to end, start from our country’s national circumstances, fully embody Chinese characteristics, Chinese styles and Chinese airs.

– Persist focusing on the bigger picture, serve central work. Closely revolve around the major topics urgently required for Party and state policymaking, revolve around the major tasks of comprehensively constructing a moderately prosperous society, comprehensively deepening reform, and comprehensively moving ruling the country according to the law forward, launch future-oriented, focused and research policy research, put forward specialized, constructive, realistic and useful policy recommendations, strive to raise capacity to synthesize, research and plan strategically.

– Persist in a scientific spirit, encourage bold exploration. Persist in seeking truth from facts and pragmatism, linking theory to reality, strengthening a sense of problems, vigorously offering advice and recommendations, advocating learning from disputation and equal discussion between different academic viewpoints and different policy recommendations, create a positive, healthy, upward and beneficial environment for thin tanks to play their role.

– Persist in reform and innovation, standardize orderly development. According to the demands of their public interest service orientation and their non-profit body properties, positively move forward the categorized reform of think tanks of different sorts and different natures, scientifically determine the functional orientation of all kinds of think tanks. Strengthen top-level design, comprehensively coordinate and provide categorized guidance in affairs, give prominence to superiorities and characteristics, adjust and optimize the distribution of think tanks, stimulate the orderly development of all kinds of think tanks.

(6) General objectives. By 2020, comprehensively plan and move forward with the coordinated development of Party and government departments, social science academies, Party schools’ administrative academies, higher education institutes, the military, scientific research institutes and corporate and social think tanks, form a new kind of think tank system with a clear orientation, distinct characteristics, with an appropriate scale and a rational structuring, focus on constructing a batch of high-end think tanks with relatively large influence and international fame, create a line of public policy research and policymaking consultancy teams that persist in the correct political orientation, which combine virtue and talent, and are rich in an innovative spirit, establish a set of think tank management systems and operational mechanisms with perfect politics, which are brimming with vitality and have powerful supervision, fully give rein to the important function of new kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics in policy consultancy, theoretical innovation, public opinion guidance, social service and public diplomacy.

New kinds of think tanks with Chinese Characteristics are non-profit research and consultancy organs that make strategic issues and public policy into a major research objective, and make serving scientific, democratic and lawful Party and government policymaking into their purpose, they shall meet the following basic standards: (1) be substantive research bodies which abide by state laws and regulations, are stable and have standardized operations; (2) have distinct characteristics, a long-term research area for policy consultancy and research achievements; (3) have specialist representative personnel and full-time researchers with a certain influence; (4) have guaranteed and sustainable funding sources; (5) have multi-level academic exchange platforms and result transmission channels ; (6) have complete information gathering and analysis systems; (7) have complete governance structures and organizational charters; (8) having good conditions for launching international cooperation etc.

III, Build a new structure for the development of new kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics

(7) Stimulate the innovation and development of think tanks in social science academies and Party School administrative academies. Social science academies and Party School administrative academies must deepen structural reform of scientific research, adjust and optimize their discipline structure, strengthen comprehensive resource integration, focus on launching national circumstance research and policymaking consultancy research revolving around major real questions of raising national governing ability and economic and social development. Give rein to the superiority of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences as a national-level comprehensive high-end think tank, ensure that it becomes a globally famed think tank with international influence. Support the Central Party School and the National Administrative Academy in entering the construction of new kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics into general plans for developing the undertaking, promote the mutual stimulation, coordination and development of education and training, scientific research and policymaking consultancy, give rein to an even greater role in the are of policymaking consultancy. Local social science academies and Party School administrative academies must strive to serve local Party Committee and government policymaking, those meeting conditions must provide policymaking consultancy services to relevant Central departments

(8) Promote the development and perfection of higher education think tanks. Give rein to the superiority of higher education in having complete disciplines, concentrated talent and broad international exchange, deeply implement the plans to move forward the construction of new kinds of higher education think tanks with Chinese characteristics, and promote the comprehensive improvement of higher education think tank service capacities. Deepen higher education management structure reform, innovate organizational forms, integrate high-quality resources, strive to forge a batch of new-type think tanks that the Party and governments trust and use, construct a batch of special subject social science databases and laboratories, as well as soft science research bases. Implement planning for higher education philosophy and social science to march out, focus on the construction of a batch of global and regulation issue research bases and foreign China studies research centres.

(9) Construct high-level science and technology innovation think tanks and enterprise think tanks. Scientific research institutes must revolve around the strategies to construct an innovative country and implement innovation driving development, research domestic and foreign scientific research development trends, put forward consultancy recommendations, launch scientific evaluation, move forward forecasting and advance assessment, and stimulate the profound convergence of science and technology innovation and economic and social development. Give rein to the superiorities of the Chinese Academy of Science, the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the Chinese Science Association, etc. in promoting science and technology innovation, give rein to their role in national science and technology strategy, planning, deployment, policy, etc., ensure that they become high-end science and technology think tanks that lead innovation, on which the nation can rely, which are trusted by society and famous internationally. Support State-owned and State-controlled enterprises to establish new kinds of think tanks that merge industry, scholarship, research and application, focus on facing sectors and industries, revolve around policymaking consultancy and research for State-owned enterprise reform, industrial restructuring, industrial development planning, industrial technology orientations, industrial policy formulation, major projects and programmes, etc. (10) Standardize and guide the healthy development of social think tanks. Social think tanks are a component part of new kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics. Firmly put social responsibility first, let the Ministry of Civil Affairs, together with relevant departments, research and formulate some opinions to standardize and guide social forces in setting up think tanks, guarantee that social think tanks abide by the State constitution, laws and regulations, develop healthily along the correct direction. Further standardize consultancy services markets, perfect social consultancy product supply mechanisms. Explore effective channels for social think tanks to participate in policymaking consultancy services, create a beneficial environment for the development of social think tanks.

(11) Implement the national high-end think tank construction plan. Strengthen comprehensive planning and scientific distribution of think tank construction, comprehensively integrate current top-quality think tank resources, and focus on the construction of 50 to 100 specialized high-end think tanks that the country urgently need, have distinct characteristics, with innovative structures, which lead development. Support the Central Party School, the Chinese Academy of Science, the Chinese Academy of Social Science, the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the State Council Development Research Centre, the National Administration Academy, the Chinese Science Association, central focus news media, a number of higher education and scientific research institutes, focus education and research work units in the military system and localities meeting conditions to take the lead in launching trials for the construction of high-end think tanks.

(12) Strengthen the policymaking service capacity of Centre and state organs’ subordinate policy research bodies. Centre and state organs’ subordinate policy research bodies must revolve around the Centre’s tasks and focus work, regularly publish information needed in policymaking, and guide corresponding think tanks in launching policy research, policymaking evaluation, policy interpretation, etc., through project tendering, government procurement, direct entrustment, topical cooperation, etc. The Central Policy Research Office, the Central Financial Office, the Central Foreign Affairs Office, the State Council Research Department, the State Council Development Research Centre and other such bodies must strengthen communication and links with think tanks, hold the research results of think tanks in high regard and utilize them fully. The National People’s Congress must strengthen think tank construction, and launch research on the People’s Congress system and the Socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics. The Chinese People’s Consultative Conference must move the construction of a think tank forward, launch research on multi-party cooperation and the political consultative conference system, as well as the Socialist consultative democracy system. People’s organizations must give rein to their superiority in close linkages with the masses, and broaden policymaking consultancy service methods that conform to their own characteristics.

IV, Deepen management structure reform

(13) Deepen organizational management structure reform. According to the demands of administrative management structure reform and categorized undertaking work unit reform, respect the development laws of think tanks, and move forward with the management structure reform of different kinds of structural reform. Strengthen macro-level guidance responsibilities of governments in terms of planning think tank development, policies and regulations, comprehensive coordination and other such areas, innovate management methods, shape management structures that can both grasp the correct orientation and are beneficial to the stimulation of think tanks’ vitality.

(14) Deepen research structure reform. Encourage think tanks to launch cooperative research with real departments, raise the focus and effectiveness of research work. Complete topical tendering or entrustment systems, perfect open, fair, just, scientific, standardized and transparent project establishment mechanisms, establish long-term tracking research and sustained and long-lasting funding mechanisms. Give high regard to policymaking theory and interdisciplinary research, move forward innovation in research methods, policy analysis tools and technological methods, build interactive information sharing platforms, and provide theoretical support and methodological support for policymaking consultancy.

(15) Deepen funding management structure reform. Establish and complete standardized and effective, open and transparent funding management mechanisms with powerful supervision, explore the establishment and perfection of funding management systems that conform to the characteristics of think tank operations, and realistically raise the applied effect of funding. Scientifically and rationally compile and evaluate financial budgets, standardize direct funding support management, use indirect funding according to rules and reason, and give rein to the incentive role of output funding. Strengthen funding supervision and management and financial auditing, expand the extent of investigation and prosecution of the use of funds in violation of regulations, establish budget and funding information openness and publication systems, complete examination and accountability mechanisms, incessantly perfect supervision mechanisms.

(16) Deepen the reform of result evaluation, application and transformation mechanisms. Perfect evaluation methods with quality, innovation and real contributions as guidance, build target systems integrating user evaluation, peer evaluation and social evaluation. Establish think tank result reporting systems, broaden result application transformation channels, and raise the effect of transformation. Think tank results concerning topics entrusted by Party Committees and governments, as well as topics involving national security, scientific and technological secrets and commercial secrets may not be openly published without permission. Strengthen intellectual property rights creation, application and management concerning think tank results, and expand intellectual property rights protection.

(17) Deepen international exchange and cooperation mechanism reform. Strengthen the ability of new kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics for international communication and the construction of discourse systems, and enhance our country’s think tanks’ international influence and international influence. Establish exchange and cooperation mechanisms with famous international think tanks, launch international cooperative research, and vigorously participate in international think tank platform dialogues. Persist in the integration of bringing in and marching out, attract foreign think tank experts, Sinologists and other outstanding talents, support our country’s high-end think tanks to establish branch organs abroad, recommend famous think tank experts to take up positions relevant international organizations. Give high regard to the fostering of foreign language talents in think tanks, the translation and publication of think tank results and the launch of foreign-language websites, etc. Simplify examination and approval procedures for think tanks’ foreign affairs activity management, Sino-foreign expert exchange, organization of or participation in international conferences, etc. Persist in putting ourselves central, letting things work of us, and studying and learning from the advanced experience of foreign think tanks.

V, Complete institutional guarantee systems

(18) Implement government information openness system. According to the provisions of the regulations on government information openness, actively publish governmental information to society, and strengthen the authoritativeness and timeliness of information publication. Perfect government information openness methods and procedures, complete government information openness application acceptance and processing mechanisms. Broaden government information openness channels and consultation venues, give rein to the role of government websites as well as government microblogs, government WeChat and other such new information publication platforms, to make it convenient for think tanks to timely obtain government information. Complete government information openness secret preservation inspection systems, guarantee that State secrets do not leak.

(19) Perfect major policymaking opinion collection systems. Policymaking initiatives that involve the public interests and the interests directly affecting the popular masses must broadly obtain think tank opinions and suggestions through organizing hearings, forums, discussion meetings and may other such forms, to strengthen the transparency and public participation of policymaking. Encourage People’s Congress representatives, Consultative Committee members, government advisors, culture and history research institute staff and think tanks to launch cooperative research. Explore the establishment of response and feedback mechanisms for policymaking departments for consultancy opinions, and stimulate the mutually beneficial interaction of government policymaking and think tank recommendations.

(20) Establish and complete policy evaluation systems. Except for where secrets are involved or laws and regulations provide otherwise, before policy decisions such as major reform plans, major policy measures and major projects are published, it is necessary to conduct feasibility studies and a risk assessment concerning social stability, the environment, the economy and other such aspects, give regard to comparing the comprehensive analysis of different think tanks’ assessments and reports. Strengthen evaluation of policy implementation situations, implementation results and social influences, establish feedback, publication and utilization systems for think tank assessments and opinions through relevant departments, complete mechanisms for policymaking and rectifying mistakes. Explore policy evaluation models that combine internal government evaluation and third-party government evaluation, strengthen the objectivity and scientific nature of assessment results.

(21) Establish government procurement policymaking consultancy service systems. Explore the establishment of policymaking consultancy service supply systems with government guidance and participation from social forces, steadily move forward with the pluralisation of service subjects and the diversification of provision methods, satisfy government departments’ multi-level and multi-area policymaking requirements. Research and formulate governmental guiding opinions for think tank procurement policymaking consultancy services, clarify the responsibilities and duties of the procurer and the service provider. All consultancy reports, government plans, planning statistics, survey data, etc., provided by think tanks may be brought into the scope of government procurement and a guiding catalogue for government procurement services. Establish procurement mechanisms with procurement according to requirement, fixing fees according to reality, public selection of the best, which are managed through contract, use open tendering, invited tendering, competitive negotiation and single-source methods for purchasing.

(22) Complete public opinion guidance mechanisms. Fix eyes upon expanding mainstream public opinion and concentrating a social consensus, give rein to the positive role of think tanks in elucidating Party theory, interpreting public policy, surveying social public opinion, guiding social hot spots and enlightening public sentiment. Encourage think tanks to use mass media and many other methods to disseminate mainstream ideology and values, and concentrate positive social energy. Persist in doing research without forbidden zones, and propaganda with discipline.

VI, Strengthen organizational leadership

(23) Give high regard to think tank construction. All levels’ Party Committees and governments must fully understand the position and role of new kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics, make think tank construction into an important content of moving scientific governance, administration according to the law and strengthening government credibility forward, and list it on the important matters agenda. Establish and complete work mechanisms with uniform Party Committee leadership, and relevant departments’ responsibilities for their part of the work, and realistically strengthen leadership over think tank construction work.

(24) Incessantly perfect think tank management. Relevant departments and professional controlling work units must, according to the principle of who manages is responsible, localized management and specialized management, bear realistic management responsibilities, build rules and establish systems, set up good structures, formulate concrete and clear norms, standards and management measures, guarantee that all activities in which think tanks engage conform to the Party line, principles and policies, and abide by State laws and regulations. Strengthen comprehensive coordination, do overall planning well, optimize resource allocation, avoid duplicate construction, and prevent overhasty action and disorderly development.

(25) Expand the strength of financial input guarantees. All levels’ governments must research, formulate and implement fiscal and financial policies to support think tank development, explore the establishment of plural, multi-channel and multi-level input systems, complete competitive funding and stable support funding input mechanisms. On the basis of the nature and characteristics of different kinds of think tanks, research and formulate different support methods. Implement public service donation systems, encourage enterprises, social organizations and individuals to donate to think tank construction.

(26) Strengthen think tank talent team construction. All levels’ Party Committees and governments must make talent team construction into a focus point for think tank construction, and implement the high-end talent fostering plans for new kinds of think tanks with Chinese characteristics. Promote orderly circulation of talent between Party and government organs and think tanks, introduce think tank experts into concurrent positions in Party and government departments. Deepen reform of think tank talent position appointments, professional evaluation and other such human resource management systems, perfect talent evaluation mechanisms and incentive policies with virtue, ability and contribution as guidance. Explore many kinds of allocation methods that are beneficial to letting think tank talent play their role, establish and complete joint remuneration systems for professional responsibilities, work achievements and real contributions. Strengthen the construction of think tank experts’ professional spirit and professional ethics, guide them to consciously practice the Socialist core value system, strengthen a sense of social responsibility and a sense of honesty, firmly establish a sense of national security, a sense of information security and a sense of secret keeping and discipline, vigorously and actively contribute wisdom and ability to Party and government policymaking.

All localities and all relevant departments must integrate reality and formulate concrete rules according to the spirit of this Opinion.

 

关于加强中国特色新型智库建设的意见

为深入贯彻落实党的十八大和十八届三中、四中全会精神，加强中国特色新型智库建设，建立健全决策咨询制度，现提出如下意见。

一、重大意义

（一）中国特色新型智库是党和政府科学民主依法决策的重要支撑。决策咨询制度是我国社会主义民主政治建设的重要内容。我们党历来高度重视决策咨询工作。改革开放以来，我国智库建设事业快速发展，为党和政府决策提供了有力的智力支持。当前，全面建成小康社会进入决定性阶段，破解改革发展稳定难题和应对全球性问题的复杂性艰巨性前所未有，迫切需要健全中国特色决策支撑体系，大力加强智库建设，以科学咨询支撑科学决策，以科学决策引领科学发展。

（二）中国特色新型智库是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要内容。纵观当今世界各国现代化发展历程，智库在国家治理中发挥着越来越重要的作用，日益成为国家治理体系中不可或缺的组成部分，是国家治理能力的重要体现。全面深化改革，完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，推动协商民主广泛多层制度化发展，建立更加成熟更加定型的制度体系，必须切实加强中国特色新型智库建设，充分发挥智库在治国理政中的重要作用。

（三）中国特色新型智库是国家软实力的重要组成部分。一个大国的发展进程，既是经济等硬实力提高的进程，也是思想文化等软实力提高的进程。智库是国家软实力的重要载体，越来越成为国际竞争力的重要因素，在对外交往中发挥着不可替代的作用。树立社会主义中国的良好形象，推动中华文化和当代中国价值观念走向世界，在国际舞台上发出中国声音，迫切需要发挥中国特色新型智库在公共外交和文化互鉴中的重要作用，不断增强我国的国际影响力和国际话语权。

智力资源是一个国家、一个民族最宝贵的资源。近年来，我国智库发展很快，在出思想、出成果、出人才方面取得很大成绩，为推动改革开放和社会主义现代化建设作出了重要贡献。同时，随着形势发展，智库建设跟不上、不适应的问题也越来越突出，主要表现在：智库的重要地位没有受到普遍重视，具有较大影响力和国际知名度的高质量智库缺乏，提供的高质量研究成果不够多，参与决策咨询缺乏制度性安排，智库建设缺乏整体规划，资源配置不够科学，组织形式和管理方式亟待创新，领军人物和杰出人才缺乏。解决这些问题，必须从党和国家事业发展全局的战略高度，把中国特色新型智库建设作为一项重大而紧迫的任务，采取有力措施，切实抓紧抓好。

二、指导思想、基本原则和总体目标

（四）指导思想。深入贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中全会精神，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，以服务党和政府决策为宗旨，以政策研究咨询为主攻方向，以完善组织形式和管理方式为重点，以改革创新为动力，努力建设面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的中国特色新型智库体系，更好地服务党和国家工作大局，为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供智力支撑。

（五）基本原则

——坚持党的领导，把握正确导向。坚持党管智库，坚持中国特色社会主义方向，遵守国家宪法法律法规，始终以维护国家利益和人民利益为根本出发点，立足我国国情，充分体现中国特色、中国风格、中国气派。

——坚持围绕大局，服务中心工作。紧紧围绕党和政府决策急需的重大课题，围绕全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面推进依法治国的重大任务，开展前瞻性、针对性、储备性政策研究，提出专业化、建设性、切实管用的政策建议，着力提高综合研判和战略谋划能力。

——坚持科学精神，鼓励大胆探索。坚持求真务实，理论联系实际，强化问题意识，积极建言献策，提倡不同学术观点、不同政策建议的切磋争鸣、平等讨论，创造有利于智库发挥作用、积极健康向上的良好环境。

——坚持改革创新，规范有序发展。按照公益服务导向和非营利机构属性的要求，积极推进不同类型、不同性质智库分类改革，科学界定各类智库的功能定位。加强顶层设计、统筹协调和分类指导，突出优势和特色，调整优化智库布局，促进各类智库有序发展。

（六）总体目标。到2020年，统筹推进党政部门、社科院、党校行政学院、高校、军队、科研院所和企业、社会智库协调发展，形成定位明晰、特色鲜明、规模适度、布局合理的中国特色新型智库体系，重点建设一批具有较大影响力和国际知名度的高端智库，造就一支坚持正确政治方向、德才兼备、富于创新精神的公共政策研究和决策咨询队伍，建立一套治理完善、充满活力、监管有力的智库管理体制和运行机制，充分发挥中国特色新型智库咨政建言、理论创新、舆论引导、社会服务、公共外交等重要功能。

中国特色新型智库是以战略问题和公共政策为主要研究对象、以服务党和政府科学民主依法决策为宗旨的非营利性研究咨询机构，应当具备以下基本标准：（1）遵守国家法律法规、相对稳定、运作规范的实体性研究机构；（2）特色鲜明、长期关注的决策咨询研究领域及其研究成果；（3）具有一定影响的专业代表性人物和专职研究人员；（4）有保障、可持续的资金来源；（5）多层次的学术交流平台和成果转化渠道；（6）功能完备的信息采集分析系统；（7）健全的治理结构及组织章程；（8）开展国际合作交流的良好条件等。

三、构建中国特色新型智库发展新格局

（七）促进社科院和党校行政学院智库创新发展。社科院和党校行政学院要深化科研体制改革，调整优化学科布局，加强资源统筹整合，重点围绕提高国家治理能力和经济社会发展中的重大现实问题开展国情调研和决策咨询研究。发挥中国社会科学院作为国家级综合性高端智库的优势，使其成为具有国际影响力的世界知名智库。支持中央党校、国家行政学院把建设中国特色新型智库纳入事业发展总体规划，推动教学培训、科学研究与决策咨询相互促进、协同发展，在决策咨询方面发挥更大作用。地方社科院、党校行政学院要着力为地方党委和政府决策服务，有条件的要为中央有关部门提供决策咨询服务。

（八）推动高校智库发展完善。发挥高校学科齐全、人才密集和对外交流广泛的优势，深入实施中国特色新型高校智库建设推进计划，推动高校智力服务能力整体提升。深化高校智库管理体制改革，创新组织形式，整合优质资源，着力打造一批党和政府信得过、用得上的新型智库，建设一批社会科学专题数据库和实验室、软科学研究基地。实施高校哲学社会科学走出去计划，重点建设一批全球和区域问题研究基地、海外中国学术研究中心。

（九）建设高水平科技创新智库和企业智库。科研院所要围绕建设创新型国家和实施创新驱动发展战略，研究国内外科技发展趋势，提出咨询建议，开展科学评估，进行预测预判，促进科技创新与经济社会发展深度融合。发挥中国科学院、中国工程院、中国科协等在推动科技创新方面的优势，在国家科技战略、规划、布局、政策等方面发挥支撑作用，使其成为创新引领、国家倚重、社会信任、国际知名的高端科技智库。支持国有及国有控股企业兴办产学研用紧密结合的新型智库，重点面向行业产业，围绕国有企业改革、产业结构调整、产业发展规划、产业技术方向、产业政策制定、重大工程项目等开展决策咨询研究。

（十）规范和引导社会智库健康发展。社会智库是中国特色新型智库的组成部分。坚持把社会责任放在首位，由民政部会同有关部门研究制定规范和引导社会力量兴办智库的若干意见，确保社会智库遵守国家宪法法律法规，沿着正确方向健康发展。进一步规范咨询服务市场，完善社会智库产品供给机制。探索社会智库参与决策咨询服务的有效途径，营造有利于社会智库发展的良好环境。

（十一）实施国家高端智库建设规划。加强智库建设整体规划和科学布局，统筹整合现有智库优质资源，重点建设50至100个国家亟需、特色鲜明、制度创新、引领发展的专业化高端智库。支持中央党校、中国科学院、中国社会科学院、中国工程院、国务院发展研究中心、国家行政学院、中国科协、中央重点新闻媒体、部分高校和科研院所、军队系统重点教学科研单位及有条件的地方先行开展高端智库建设试点。

（十二）增强中央和国家机关所属政策研究机构决策服务能力。中央和国家机关所属政策研究机构要围绕中心任务和重点工作，定期发布决策需求信息，通过项目招标、政府采购、直接委托、课题合作等方式，引导相关智库开展政策研究、决策评估、政策解读等工作。中央政研室、中央财办、中央外办、国务院研究室、国务院发展研究中心等机构要加强与智库的沟通联系，高度重视、充分运用智库的研究成果。全国人大要加强智库建设，开展人民代表大会制度和中国特色社会主义法律体系理论研究。全国政协要推进智库建设，开展多党合作和政治协商制度、社会主义协商民主制度理论研究。人民团体要发挥密切联系群众的优势，拓展符合自身特点的决策咨询服务方式。

四、深化管理体制改革

（十三）深化组织管理体制改革。按照行政管理体制改革和事业单位分类改革的要求，遵循智库发展规律，推进不同类型智库管理体制改革。强化政府在智库发展规划、政策法规、统筹协调等方面的宏观指导责任，创新管理方式，形成既能把握正确方向、又有利于激发智库活力的管理体制。

（十四）深化研究体制改革。鼓励智库与实际部门开展合作研究，提高研究工作的针对性实效性。健全课题招标或委托制度，完善公开公平公正、科学规范透明的立项机制，建立长期跟踪研究、持续滚动资助的长效机制。重视决策理论和跨学科研究，推进研究方法、政策分析工具和技术手段创新，搭建互联互通的信息共享平台，为决策咨询提供学理支撑和方法论支持。

（十五）深化经费管理制度改革。建立健全规范高效、公开透明、监管有力的资金管理机制，探索建立和完善符合智库运行特点的经费管理制度，切实提高资金使用效益。科学合理编制和评估经费预算，规范直接费用支出管理，合规合理使用间接费用，发挥绩效支出的激励作用。加强资金监管和财务审计，加大对资金使用违规行为的查处为度，建立预算和经费信息公开公示制度，健全考核问责制度，不断完善监督机制。

（十六）深化成果评价和应用转化机制改革。完善以质量创新和实际贡献为导向的评价办法，构建用户评价、同行评价、社会评价相结合的指标体系。建立智库成果报告制度，拓宽成果应用转化渠道，提高转化效率。对党委和政府委托研究课题和涉及国家安全、科技机密、商业秘密的智库成果，未经允许不得公开发布。加强智库成果知识产权创造、运用和管理，加大知识产权保护力度。

（十七）深化国际交流合作机制改革。加强中国特色新型智库对外传播能力和话语体系建设，提升我国智库的国际竞争力和国际影响力。建立与国际知名智库交流合作机制，开展国际合作项目研究，积极参与国际智库平台对话。坚持引进来与走出去相结合，吸纳海外智库专家、汉学家等优秀人才，支持我国高端智库设立海外分支机构，推荐知名智库专家到有关国际组织任职。重视智库外语人才培养、智库成果翻译出版和开办外文网站等工作。简化智库外事活动管理、中外专家交流、举办或参加国际会议等方面的审批程序。坚持以我为主、为我所用，学习借鉴国外智库的先进经验。

五、健全制度保障体系

（十八）落实政府信息公开制度。按照政府信息公开条例的规定，依法主动向社会发布政府信息，增强信息发布的权威性和及时性。完善政府信息公开方式和程序，健全政府信息公开申请的受理和处置机制。拓展政府信息公开渠道和查阅场所，发挥政府网站以及政务微博、政务微信等新兴信息发布平台的作用，方便智库及时获取政府信息。健全政府信息公开保密审查制度，确保不泄露国家秘密。

（十九）完善重大决策意见征集制度。涉及公共利益和人民群众切身利益的决策事项，要通过举行听证会、座谈会、论证会等多种形式，广泛听取智库的意见和建议，增强决策透明度和公众参与度。鼓励人大代表、政协委员、政府参事、文史馆员与智库开展合作研究。探索建立决策部门对智库咨询意见的回应和反馈机制，促进政府决策与智库建议之间良性互动。

（二十）建立健全政策评估制度。除涉密及法律法规另有规定外，重大改革方案、重大政策措施、重大工程项目等决策事项出台前，要进行可行性论证和社会稳定、环境、经济等方面的风险评估，重视对不同智库评估报告的综合分析比较。加强对政策执行情况、实施效果和社会影响的评估，建立有关部门对智库评估意见的反馈、公开、运用等制度，健全决策纠错改正机制。探索政府内部评估与智库第三方评估相结合的政策评估模式，增强评估结果的客观性和科学性。

（二十一）建立政府购买决策咨询服务制度。探索建立政府主导、社会力量参与的决策咨询服务供给体系，稳步推进提供服务主体多元化和提供方式多样化，满足政府部门多层次、多方面的决策需求。研究制定政府向智库购买决策咨询服务的指导意见，明确购买方和服务方的责任和义务。凡属智库提供的咨询报告、政策方案、规划设计、调研数据等，均可纳入政府采购范围和政府购买服务指导性目录。建立按需购买、以事定费、公开择优、合同管理的购买机制，采用公开招标、邀请招标、竞争性谈判、单一来源等多种方式购买。

（二十二）健全舆论引导机制。着眼于壮大主流舆论、凝聚社会共识，发挥智库阐释党的理论、解读公共政策、研判社会舆情、引导社会热点、疏导公众情绪的积极作用。鼓励智库运用大众媒体等多种手段，传播主流思想价值，集聚社会正能量。坚持研究无禁区、宣传有纪律。

六、加强组织领导

（二十三）高度重视智库建设。各级党委和政府要充分认识中国特色新型智库的地位和作用，把智库建设作为推进科学执政、依法行政、增强政府公信力的重要内容，列入重要议事日程。建立健全党委统一领导、有关部门分工负责的工作体制，切实加强对智库建设工作的领导。

（二十四）不断完善智库管理。有关部门和业务主管单位要按照谁主管、谁负责和属地管理、归口管理的原则，切实负起管理责任，建章立制，立好规矩，制定具体明晰的标准规范和管理措施，确保智库所从事的各项活动符合党的路线方针政策，遵守国家法律法规。加强统筹协调，做好整体规划，优化资源配置，避免重复建设，防止一哄而上和无序发展。

（二十五）加大资金投入保障力度。各级政府要研究制定和落实支持智库发展的财政、金融政策，探索建立多元化、多渠道、多层次的投入体系，健全竞争性经费和稳定支持经费相协调的投入机制。根据不同类型智库的性质和特点，研究制定不同的支持办法。落实公益捐赠制度，鼓励企业、社会组织、个人捐赠资助智库建设。

（二十六）加强智库人才队伍建设。各级党委和政府要把人才队伍作为智库建设重点，实施中国特色新型智库高端人才培养规划。推动党政机关与智库之间人才有序流动，推荐智库专家到党政部门挂职任职。深化智库人才岗位聘用、职称评定等人事管理制度改革，完善以品德、能力和贡献为导向的人才评价机制和激励政策。探索有利于智库人才发挥作用的多种分配方式，建立健全与岗位职责、工作业绩、实际贡献紧密联系的薪酬制度。加强智库专家职业精神、职业道德建设，引导其自觉践行社会主义核心价值观，增强社会责任感和诚信意识，牢固树立国家安全意识、信息安全意识、保密纪律意识，积极主动为党和政府决策贡献聪明才智。

各地区各有关部门要结合实际，按照本意见精神制定具体办法。